Information Systems Record Events On Log Files - 1555 Words

Most information systems record events in log files [Abad03]. The type and structure of log files vary widely by system and platform. For example, weblogs are produced by web servers running Apache or Internet Information Server (IIS). Operating systems, firewalls, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) record event information in log files. Applications also record user activities in log files [Abad03]. Any activities performed during a security breach will most likely result in log entries being recorded in one or more log files. These attacks cannot be identified by a single log entry occurrence, but instead can be identified through a series of entries spanning several minutes [Abad03]. The amount of data logged per system can be in excess of several thousand events per minute. Additionally, these files are distributed across the network. In order to process and analyze the log data, it must be integrated. Integrating highly heterogeneous data from multiple sources requires a mass ive centralized data repository [Kott13]. This data repository meets the complexity requirements as defined by Big Data. Big Data is defined by three characteristics: volume, velocity, and variety. Volume is the size of the data stored, and is measured in terabytes, petabytes, or exabytes. Velocity is the rate at which data is generated. Variety refers to the types of data, such as structured, semi-structured, or non-structured [Mahmood13]. Structured data is data that typically resides in aShow MoreRelatedA Web Application System For Forensic Investigator Essay1287 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to parencite{lazzez2015forensics}, a web application system should be forensically prepared by being capable of evidence collection and evidence protection. For evidence collection, the logs should be enabled and configured properly on the servers. The evidence protection requires that the integrity of these logs should be maintained by setting proper permissions on the log files and keeping them out of reach of the perpetrators. A forensic investigator should also be well equipped in termsRead MoreThe Primar y Focus Of Behind The Literature Search Is To1214 Words   |  5 Pageslatest trends in the log analysis based monitoring tools of cloud which also provides the features for forensics ability. We list below our analysis of different papers we read which pertains information related to our topic. We have analyzed various tools and techniques available, which are doing log analysis on a cloud. The motive of which is to create a novel log based private cloud analysis build with the help of OpenStack cloud operating system. 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Essay on Infectious Disease - 1074 Words

Infectious Diseases Sharelle Taylor HCA 240†¦show more content†¦There is no cure for aids however, that are different medicines that you can take so that you can still live the most normal as a life as possible. The best way to control these medicines are to take at least three drugs from two different classes to avoid crating strains of the disease that are immune to a single drug. There are five different classes or families of anti-HIV drugs: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) Protease Inhibitors (PIs) Entry/Fusion Inhibitors Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Each drug class fights HIV in a different way. The primary difference between each class is the stage of HIV replication that the drugs target. With the rate that HIV/AIDS is spreading it is a must that everyone be educated about this killer. There are programs that are made to inform others about this disease. Around 2.5 million people became infected with HIV in 2011. Sub-Saharan Africa has been hardest hit by the epidemic; in 2011 over two-thirds of AIDS deaths were in this region (CDC, 2008). There are also clinics that will check you out to make sure that you are clear and free from this disease. Also there are people that speakShow MoreRelatedInfectious Diseases : New Infectious Disease2041 Words   |  9 PagesTopic B: New Diseases Throughout history, the emergence of infectious diseases has led to a proliferation of control treatments. Despite successful control methods, the recurring emergence of both new and old infectious diseases has preserved human mortality (Schrag Wiener 1995, p. 319). It is the globalisation of such infections that traverse, the single appearance of a disease, to the entire world within a limited time span. The definition of emerging infections according to Schwartz and YogevRead MoreTuberculosis As An Infectious Disease1515 Words   |  7 PagesINFECTIOUS DISEASE: TUBERCULOSIS Tuberculosis is one of the leading infectious diseases around the world. Globally, infectious diseases like tuberculosis among others continue to be one of the leading causes of death in children, adolescents and of the leading causes in adults (WHO). The purpose of this article is to examine and discuss mostly the etiology of tuberculosis, as well as its cause and spread. To better understand the subject of tuberculosis as an infectious disease and the problem itRead MoreInfectious Diseases And The Epidemic Essay1273 Words   |  6 PagesInfectious diseases according to the Mariam Webster Dictionary, is â€Å"a disease caused by the entrance into the body of organisms (as bacteria, protozoans, fungi, or viruses) which grow and multiply there†. Infectious diseases has been one of the biggest issues facing mankind since the beginning of time. Particularly due to the fact that we will never truly get rid of infectious diseases as a new one seems to appear every few years. From diseases such as the great plague, the H1N1 influenza and moreRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Diseases Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesFor thousands of years, infectious diseases have had a strong influence over human populations by challenging the immune system to continuously adapt to new virulent strains. With the advantage of reproducing more rapidly than the human immune response, microorganisms that cause even minor infections can prove to be fatal (Parham, 2015). Over time, outbreaks such as ‘The Great Plague’ have threatened to bring an end to society. Without the ability to contain these diseases geographically and provideRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Disease1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe words â€Å"infectious disease† have been feared by humans from the time they were initially discovered and this fear continues to persist into the current status of the 21st century. This inherent fear stems from the ability of the tiny, pathogenic microorga nisms responsible for these infectious diseases to wipe out thousands, or even millions from the human population. Though some may view infectious disease is an issue of the past, it still wreaks havoc in many of the worlds’ developing nationsRead MoreThe Epidemiology Of An Infectious Disease1499 Words   |  6 Pagesassignment, I will be exploring the epidemiology of an infectious disease found on the Public Health Agency of Canada website known as Pertussis. This particular disease is also known as Whooping Cough due to the sound made while inhaling during a coughing spell. The information contained in this report will be taken from the Public Health Agency of Canada’s website which can be found at http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca. SUMMARY ABOUT PERTUSSIS AGENT OF DISEASE Pertussis is caused by â€Å"bordetella pertussis† whichRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Infectious Diseases Essay1898 Words   |  8 Pagesdefines infectious diseases as â€Å"diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly from one person to another† (World Health Organization [WHO], n.d.). Infectious diseases have been plaguing humanity since the beginning of time. One can find stories of infectious diseases outbreaks in various history and/or science textbooks, different disease-based websites, and even the Bible. These types of diseases are treatableRead MoreNeosporosis : An Infectious Disease1102 Words   |  5 Pages Neosporosis is an infectious disease prominent in both livestock and companion animals. Neosporosis was first discovered in dogs in Norway in 1984, when it caused neuromuscular degeneration that lead to hind limb paralysis. Due to the similarity of Neospora caninum to Toxoplasma gondii, neosporosis was misidentified as toxoplasmosis for many years. The two share similar life cycles and structure but vary when it comes to hosts. N. caninum thrives in cattle, dogs and related canids whereas T. gondiiRead MoreTuberculosis Is An Infectious Disease1217 Words   |  5 Pagessuffering with this disease at present even though there is vaccine widely available, there is still a high morbidity rate in some countries every year. Africa, Western and Southeast Asia are the most affected areas, making approximately 86 percent of tuberculosis cases in the world. This research paper will discuss, tuberculosis in New Zealand. It will discuss the biology of the bacterium, risks factors and the import ance of immunisation and prevention. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by aRead MoreThe Death Of Infectious Diseases1895 Words   |  8 Pageswere infectious diseases. More than half of all people dying in the United States died because of germs. Today, they account for a few percent of deaths at most. We owe much of that, of course, to antibiotics,† states Aaron Carroll a professor of pediatrics at Indiana University School of Medicine (Carroll). Now, once easily treated bacterial infections are increasingly difficult to treat and rid from a patient’s system because antibiotics can no longer effectively treat some common diseases. Antibiotics

The Role of Nature vs Nurture in Violent Behavior free essay sample

Renee Gurley It can be argued that Bobby Boucher was aggressive because of an overbearing mother. However, in another way, it can also be argued that he showed such aggression because of the abandoning father and the criticizing students at his school. Although a silly and maybe even dull-minded movie, 1998’s â€Å"The Waterboy† does shed a bit of light on the argument of nature vs. nurture in relation to violent behavior. A debate that has been a hot topic for decades; there are two highly popular theories: Violence is a natural phenomenon that should be treated, or violence is a learned behavior that children should be taught to avoid. Before making an assumption or decision, onlookers of the debate should consider how genetics may come into play in the behaviors of individuals, how environment may affect an individual’s behaviors, and how they both may interact to create violence as a whole. In order to understand the amount of effect that serotonin has on violent behavior, it is important to break it all down â€Å"to a science. Serotonin is a natural hormone that acts as an aid in transporting impulses throughout the nervous system. Mood is highly affected by this hormone, depending on the levels present within the body. For example, there are different reactions amongst different people to things such as traffic violations. One who has an adequate amount of serotonin in his or her body will react with a bit of annoyance, but no yelling. One who has an irregularly high amount of serotonin in the blood may react by yelling and even starting a fight with other drivers. Reif, Rosler, et ad. (2007) explain that abnormal levels of serotonin in the nervous system can result in misinterpretations of in everyday difficulties and situations, thus producing opportunities for individuals to react violently. Natural instincts are heightened to an illogical level. Defensive and offensive nature will be challenged by any negative stimuli. Although this may be described as a direct result of environment, it is the abnormalities within the neurotransmitters that cause the individual to over-react. As mentioned, abnormalities in neurotransmitters can mean that nerve impulses are received too fast or too slow by the brain. When this happens, individuals begin to react illogically, sometimes even violent. This is the moment when serotonin abnormalities become serious, thus making it a necessity to attempt to monitor these levels in any way possible. For example, pills are manufactured to regulate serotonin levels in order to monitor a variety of mood differences, including depression or violent tendencies. Although it is a common argument that either environment or genetic factors are responsible for violent behavior, the truth is that both are responsible in different ways. For instance, ability to handle difficult situations with ease and a calm disposition may come as a natural aspect of one person while another person with a similar lifestyle may be able to handle situations totally differently. Stress and anger management, though both can be taught to some degree, come naturally. However, environmental factors are responsible for different aspects of behavior. Much like genetic factors contribute to an individual’s ability to handle situations without succumbing to violence, environmental factors will inevitably give individuals the opportunity to learn malevolent behavior. Whether it is simply a learned activity, such as a family prone to violence, or an act to communicate bitterness toward the outside world, environmental hardships are a brutal attack on any person’s ego and behavioral patterns. However, it is often disregarded exactly how much of an effect the environment has on a growing child’s behavior, attitude, and disposition. According to â€Å"Environmental Causes of Violence† (2009), â€Å"The role of exposure to environmental contaminants has received little attention as a factor predisposing to violent behavior. † This is a regular problem because parents tend to want to deny that they must suppress violence or bad behaviors in front of their children. They want to keep old habits and, in order to justify this, they refuse to believe that young children pick up on what their children are seeing. They believe that any malicious or negative behavior that they are taking place in while their children are young can easily be changed as the child grows. However, these behaviors often go unchanged and the children grow up to adopt them. Even though people tend to close their eyes and minds to painful past events, it is crucial to understand that these events are those that build up every person’s personality, whether or not he or she remembers them. No matter what happened, it will inevitably give birth to future problems that are particular to that one event. For example, sexually abused children will grow up with trust issues and issues with sex. Children with criminal parents will grow up predisposed to participating in criminal activity. Children that have been abused or even grew up in a violent environment will either come to adopt these activities or come to expect them out of life. This factor alone is one that contributes to ever-increasing amounts of violent activity or even murders in today’s society. However, witnesses of violent behavior are not the only ones who adopt such tendencies. Simply an environment with a negative reputation can lead to children growing up to learn that there is no better. They learn to accept this life that they are unhappy with, and proceed to act out because of their frustrations. Although violent behavior should be the focal point when attempting to better the environmental of children and teenagers, changing these factors at a young enough age can also stop the production of certain psychological problems before they are produced. Depression, with its ever-growing victim count, is hugely dependent on the environment that the victim has been forced to live with. Whether it be an unaccepting family or an abusive environment altogether, indifference or loss of hope can lead a person to a severely depressed sort of life. In addition to depression, lower IQ or shorter attention span are two unfortunate results of growing up in an environment that is indifferent or discouraging. Despite the numerous debates attempting to give credit to one or the other, both â€Å"nature† and â€Å"nurture† have sufficient evidence to support themselves, thus leading to the conclusion that both share responsibility in violent or criminal behavior. As mentioned, both affect every individual in different ways. For example, S. A. Mednick conducted experiments amongst children and their adoptive and biological parents. The Lancet,1995) In these experiments, Mednick found that adoptive children shared certain tendencies with their biological parents. He found that parents who had a criminal record always had children with at least one conviction, although rarely violent crimes. This experiment is a shining example of how, even though children inevitably gain certain behavioral aspects from their parents, they are in no way predisposed to become violent. It is simply easier for children with criminal or violent people in their gene pools to succumb to violent impulses. However, it is largely the environment that gives way to these impulses. A negative atmosphere just may send one with the right â€Å"genetic code† over the edge, thus resulting in one of the heinous crimes that are often on television and headlines. Although the amount both environmental factors and genetic factors affect the mental tendencies of each individual, it cannot be denied that both share responsibility for behavior in some way. Genetic factors may affect an individual’s predisposition to violence while environmental factors may affect a person’s actions. However, if the conditions are just right, both can be combined to create the violence that is ever-present in today’s society. Environtal Causes of Violence. (2009). Retrieved from http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/19758571 Is it all in the genes?. (1995). The Lancet, 345(8948), 466. Reif, A. , Rosler, M. , Freitag, C. M. , Schneider, M. , Eujen, A. , Kissling, C. , . . . Retz, W. (2007). Nature and nurture predispose to violent behavior: Serotonergic genes and adverse childhood environment. Neuropsychopharmacology, 32(11), 2375-83. doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1038/sj. npp. 1301359

TNT Companys Marketing Management and Strategy

Marketing strategy TNT, which is a global market leader in providing business-to-business express delivery services through air or road, serves more than 200 countries globally (The time 100, (a) 2011). To fulfil the company’s mission, there needs to be marketing management and strategy where marketing strategy is well planned and managed. This proposal therefore seeks to show how marketing management and strategy of the company will be done if approved (Baker, 2008, p. 3-27).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on TNT Company’s Marketing Management and Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are different marketing techniques that the company need to apply practically, and manage the marketing resources and activities. Since the company operates globally, the strategies should focus on global marketing. It is very important that the company understands its objectives concerning the business it is dealing with and the market where the company operates (Miles 2003, p. 302). For TNT express to use its resources on the available opportunities to improve and increase service delivery, and become competitive in the market, it needs to have a strategy that will help it realize the objective. This marketing strategy will satisfy the needs in the market, and make the company deliver more services to various customers in the different countries (The time 100 (a) 2011). Through the company’s mission that shows the purpose of the company, principle aims the company wants to meet are well outlined to clearly show the activities of the company, and the future position where the company wants and wishes to be (The time 100 (b) 2011). TNT express company has a mission to transfer goods and services to customers, and exceed the customers’ expectations globally, provide very reliable and efficient solutions to its customers, and give them value through delivery networks, to inst il pride in its people thereby leading the industry, valuing its stakeholders, and sharing roles globally. The objectives of going into marketing are to help the organization achieve the aims of transferring goods and documents efficiently to all countries served by the company, satisfying the customers by offering them the best delivery services and behaving in a responsible manner. Everyone should understand the operations of the business in marketing itself through the set objectives to know what they should do, how and when. The objective of marketing strategy developed by the company is to increase and improve its service deliveries (The time 100 (a) 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Though this is the general ultimate objectives, there are other objectives that will help in achieving the specific objective. The company will increase its speed of delivery of goods and documents to its clients thereby establishing a very distinct position in the market against its competitors. This is the kind of service that the company will make sure it provides to its clients to achieve the specific objective of increasing service deliveries. Another objective that will help the company increase its service deliveries, is to give the most reliable and customer focused services, which will result in a competitive advantage for the TNT Company (Hunt Robert 1995, p. 1-15). Internally, the company has strengths of having outstanding staff that can help in achieving the objective of marketing its services while externally, the company is known to be the leading express service delivery. The company can therefore use its available resources to attain its goal. The success of the strategy is therefore propelled by the position of the business both in the internal and external environments. First, the company needs to tell both its new and old clients about the ki nd of business the company operates in, and the services it offers through different marketing tools. The next thing required by the company is to develop its new clients that seem to be potential. Lastly, the company will employ the use of multimedia to promote its operations. Small postcards will be designed that has the logo of the company, and introduce the services done by the company. The cards will contain contact information. The cards will be sent to both old and already existing customers to remind them that the company is concerned about them. To develop the new attained clients, they will be told of the many benefits of trusting in TNT as a transport service provider of choice, and acquire information on the feelings of the clients about the services offered by the company. Depending on the budget, the company will use different media to promote itself. The company will also develop brochures about the company, and take them to companies the company feels will be potenti al clients. Marketing mix The marketing mix includes the price, product, distribution and promotion, and all these needs to be well blended by the company to come up with a marketing strategy that will satisfy the demand in the market. The aspect of product, pricing, promotion, place, people, and process will be focused on in creating awareness about what the company is offering its clients, and creating loyalty from the customers (Hill David 1996, p. 429-51).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on TNT Company’s Marketing Management and Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More TNT is a service delivery company, and will improve its services through marketing to make sure the company reaches more to several clients in different countries, and already existing and new customers are retained in the company. The services will be offered faster to satisfy the customers, and efficiently serve the need of every stake holder in the company. Having done this, the services offered by TNT express will be different from those offered by its competitors thereby placing it differently. Due to the development of the services, they will indeed satisfy the customers’ needs. The company will also reduce its prices charged to the client for delivery of their goods and documents so that they are more willing to use TNT because of its affordability. This will give the company a competitive advantage compared to other competitor companies (Gilbert Paul 1989, p. 82-93). To promote the company, the marketers will employ different communications such as sales promotion and advertisement. If the budget allows the marketers will use radios and internets to advertise who they are, what they do, and what they intend to do. The company will also use public events such as trade shows to talk and inform about the services they offer globally. Through the qualified staff and satisfied customers, they will pass a word of mouth to others for them to use TNT as the company of choice whenever they require delivery services (Don, Stanley Robert, 1993, p. 213). To make the services accessible to customers more easily, the company will pass on cards to its potential clients informing them of the places they are located so that anytime they require TNT’s services the customers will easily reach for them. Through the internet also, the company will make it easy for the customers to access its services easily, find the services the company offers, and all the information that pertains the services by TNT express. Since TNT is a service delivery company, it will need to improve its material cues for the consumers to incline more on it as a way of physically evidence. In the brochures, the customers need, what the company offers clearly with its mission and values will be well indicated. The uniforms for example that the employees put on as they deliver the goods and documents should highlight some of the things that will make the customers feel they are using the right delivery company in the world (The time 100 (b) 2011).This calls for effective relationship between the drivers who deliver the goods and documents, and people they meet in the client companies. More improvement will also be done in the manner phone calls are made to make sure that more promises are given to the caller (The time 100 (b) 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To achieve more service deliveries globally, TNT will integrate telemarketing and internet marketing to have the marketing mix well controlled. This way the customers will experience what the company is offering. Customers will be greeted well, and their requests granted accordingly. Service delivery will be negotiated in a professional friendly manner, and goods and documents delivered as required. When the company does this, it will have attained a well-focused marketing process (Grant 1991, p. 114-135). Budget Sales/revenue forecast(s) Budget is very important in forecasting for the investment in the business. The TNT Company has invested in various resources such as the staff, the vehicles, aeroplanes and various communication channels the company will employ in marketing its services such as television and internet (The time 100 (a) 2011). Budgeting is very important for the company to plan for staffing and its operations. When the strategy above is well implemented, it is then proper to come with a sales or revenue forecast for the first three months of implementation. January February March Service line 20 million 30 million 50million Average $ price 110 100 90 Revenues 2,200 million 3000 million 4,500 million From the case study, the company is said to have been delivering more than 3.5 million items in a week (The time 100 (b) 2011). So after employing the strategy to maximize deliveries and increase them, the deliveries per week are estimated to rise thereby giving big numbers in a month. The increase in the delivery of items is thought to be also propelled by the decrease in prices over the first few months as a price skimming strategy that helps make more deliveries at a price friendly to the consumers. The increase in the delivery lines is also estimated to come from the increased first class working conditions, and the care given to the company’s employees. The employees of the company are well trained to do their jobs, and wi th the proposed strategy more deliveries will be realized by the company. The company attracts and develops high caliber employees to satisfy the needs of the customers, and make them remain loyal to the company as their company of choice (The time 100 (b) 2011). Marketing expense budget(s) Creation of marketing budget is very important in controlling the marketing expenses, and projecting the company’s revenues. With the budget the company will control all the marketing activities, and make all members responsible for marketing be at a better position to implement the marketing strategy. The budget will also guide the company in adjusting its marketing strategy. January February March advertising $15,000 $15,000 $15,000 websites $3,000 $5,000 $6,000 promotions $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 catalogues $2,000 $3,000 $2,000 shows $0 $0 $0 seminar $1, 000 $0 $0 trainings $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 other $1,000 $1,000 $1,000 Total marketing expenses $28,000 $31,000 $32,000 The above marketing expense budget is well related to the marketing strategy the company is proposing to carry on and improve in the service delivery globally. All the expenses in the budget will help in marketing the services the company offer its clients thereby increasing the services compared to before just as seen in the revenue forecast above (The time 100 (a) 2011). Control Implementation, Evaluation and measurement The company will implement the marketing strategy by following the marketing actions. This will be done by the company involving in the day-to-day marketing activities that will put the strategy into action. Those involved in the actions will be identified, and told the roles they will play at different positions at a given time, in the most effective way. Implementation of the strategy will be done fast to give the company an advantage over other competitor companies. To effectively implement the strategy, the company will always check on the progress to be s ure that whatever they are doing is working, and if not, adjust the plan. The company will also recognize the employees who do their jobs well to realize the common goal of the strategy. Those who will be congratulated are the employees who meet deadlines and meet the goals. Since the market keeps on changing, the company will also continue adjusting the strategy to completely fit in the market. The strategy will be allowed to work by working as a team to make sure that it works (Thompson, Strickland Gamble 2005, p. 47). Feedbacks from the companies TNT works for are very important since TNT will know what it will be doing. The companies will be asked if they are satisfied with the progress of the plan, and asked to contribute on how the strategy could be improved. With the high caliber staff of TNT Company, the company will blend them so well to do the job as required. This will make each of the employees know what the company wants thereby making them strive to accomplish the com pany’s goals. To win more clients for the services offered by TNT, the company will exploit all the new venues, and get all its marketing materials in order. To successfully make sure that the timeline of the marketing strategy does not change much, the company will have a clear picture of what it will be doing, when, and fit it in the calendar. To do this correctly, the company will be realistic on the activities it will set to do to market its services (Schneider De Meyer 1991, p. 307-320). In general, the marketing implementation will execute the actions that were earlier formulated. The company will use direct mails, ads in the newspaper, radio and trade journals. The company will use different marketing tools, to increase their services. To follow up on the progress, emails, faxes and post cards will be used to get the feedback from the different client companies (Kotler 1994, p. 169). References Baker, M. (2008) The Strategic Marketing Plan Audit. England, Cambridge st rategy publications. Don, E., Stanley, I. Robert, F. (1993) Integrated Marketing Communications. NTC Business Books, a division of NTC Publishing Group. Gilbert, X and Paul, S. (1989) Developing competitive advantage. In The Strategy Process, Concepts, Con-texts, Cases 2nd edition. London: Prentice-Hall. Grant, M. (1991) The resource-based theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation. California Management Review, 33, 114-135. Hill, W. and David, L. (1996) The importance of industry structure for the determination of firm profitability: A neo-Austrian perspective. Journal of Management Studies, 33, 429-451. Hunt, D. and Robert, M. (1995) The comparative advantage theory of competition. Journal of Marketing, 59, 1-15. Kotler, P. (1994) Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation and Control. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. P.169. Miles, R. (2003) Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process. Stanford: Stanford University Press. P. 302. Schneider, S. and De Meyer, A. (1991) Interpreting and responding to strategic issues. Strategic Management Journal. 12 (July): 307-320. The time 100 (a). (2011) Marketing mix (Price, Place, Promotion, Product). Web. The time 100 (b). (2011) TNT: Delivering a business strategy. Web. Thompson, A., Strickland, A Gamble, J. (2005) Crafting and Executing Strategy: The Quest for Competitive Advantage w/OLC/Premium Content Card (14th Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. 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Herman Millar Inc. free essay sample

The office furniture manufacturing industry market in the United States is very competitive since many companies offering similar products. Companies compete primarily on price, product and service quality, differentiation, design, speed of delivery and customer service. Firms compete within each market segment and are pressured by growing competition from overseas manufacturers particularly from China and Vietnam. Six manufacturers-Steelcase, Herman Miller, Haworth, HNI, Kimball International and Knoll-account for approximately 60% of the U. S. office furniture market. The remainder of the market is captured by a large number of small and privately owned businesses that successfully supply the local communitys retail demand. The large number of existing companies definitely shaped the landscape of the Chinese market competition. Furniture manufacturing industry concentration has increased in last couple of years because many operators have gone out of business. Following the downturn of US economy, high unemployment rates, have created an intensely competitive environment for existing players; faced with low margins and volatile input costs, many underperforming operators were forced to exit the market. We will write a custom essay sample on Herman Millar Inc. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, as the economy will recover, demand for new office furniture is expected to increase, expanding the number of companies over the five years to 2016. In conclusion, the intensity of rivalry is moderately high. Although current concentration of the industry is a low, the trend of the industry is to become more competitive in future. This would decrease the potential future profit of department store industry. Threat of new entrants The barrier to entry in this industry are medium and are steady. In the US office furniture industry, the capital required to enter the industry is considerably higher. New operators entering the industry face various challenges, including existing and well established distribution networks among operators and suppliers. To remain price competitive, the new operators need to establish strong supply relationships with manufacturers and wholesalers in order to secure good quality and low-priced stock. Since the concentration is expected to rise, it places an indirect pressure on new entrants that need to invest more in advertising to develop brand and market awareness. Marketing and promotional activity must exceed that of the existing players to build customer awareness and overcome retailer resistance. Furthermore, the productivity difference between the small-sized companies and the large-sized companies is very large. The combination of all this evidence indicates that the entrant barrier into the US office furniture industry is relatively high. Bargaining power of Supplier The intense internal competition force for resources among the large number of manufacturers pushed the bargaining power of suppliers to the most significant influence on domestic furniture industry. This refers primarily to suppliers of most important goods i. e. raw material and electric power, which are used in intermediary consumption during furniture manufacture. Purchases of raw materials are the largest expense for the Office Furniture Manufacturing industry, accounting for about 43. 7% of industry revenue. This proportion is typical for manufacturing industries, since operators require significant raw materials to produce final outputs. Input materials used for office furniture include hardwood, such as oak, cherry and maple wood; plywood and veneers; steel; glass; plastic; and glue. During the five years to 2011, the prices of these inputs have been volatile, making it difficult for manufacturers to anticipate future spending and reduce costs. In general, rising commodity prices have negatively affected the industry, increasing purchase costs for manufacturers. Bargaining power of buyers According to the research of IBIS World, department store sales depend heavily on the financial health of the consumer sector, including per capita disposable income. During periods of economic recession and decreasing income of people, consumers cut their spending by delaying purchases or substituting brands’ products with lower level products. This is heavily influenced by the unemployment rate and general economic growth. In the periods of strong economic activity people’s disposable income increase, and vice versa. Threat of substitutes Furniture has been used for thousands of years and built mostly of wood. There is little evidence indicating that wood furniture will be totally replaced by some other material in the foreseeable future. In the industry of furniture manufacture probability of substitutes is almost impossible. Current global trends have a favorable influence on increase in demand for furniture, due to ever faster obsolescence and shorter furniture lifetime, i. . due to frequent changes in design and manufacture technology. Possible threat of trend changes exists, i. e. furniture made from other materials than wood, that is, various metals, plastics and glass. However, despite the reduction of wood in furniture manufacture in the past years, wood is expected to stay one of the most important raw materials for furniture manufacture, because of its advantages when compared with oth er materials. Question: What are the driving forces and the key success factors in the industry? Answer: Having contacts within key markets: It is preferable that manufacturers have established links with a number of customers, including wholesalers, contractors and retail outlets, rather than having one or two that account for the majority of their business. Guaranteed supply of key inputs: Established links with key suppliers enable a steady flow of key inputs and price locks, which may provide cost savings for bulk purchases. Flexible production processes: Furniture items are often custom-made. Producers must be able to adjust products to suit individual requirements. Adapting to changing customer preferences: Goods produced should reflect current trends favored by consumers in order to remain competitive. Highly trained workforce: Staff is required to assemble office furniture efficiently and provide quality workmanship. Question: How have the company’s values shaped its strategy and approach to strategy execution? Provide illustrations of how these values are reflected in company policies. Answer: Question: What is Miller’s strategy? Which of the five generic competitive strategies most closely fit the competitive approach that Miller is taking? What type of competitive advantage is Miller trying to achieve? Answer: They focus on a growth strategy, through innovative products and production processes. Reinvention and renewal. They survived the Great Depression and multiple recessions, recovered from the dot-com bust and were able to continue expanding overseas. They adapted to save the company, by introducing new designs. In 1996, Herman Miller began an aggressive drive to reinvent its operations and established a fruitful relationship with the Toyota Supplier Support Center. Unique to the office furniture industry, the relationship enabled the company to adopt and implement world-class, lean manufacturing processes based on the Toyota Production System principles. Through the Herman Miller Production System (HMPS), the company dramatically reduced manufacturing square footage and inventories, cut lead times for standard product from 8 weeks Question: What is your overall appraisal of Miller’s financial performance? Answer:

Magellan essays

Magellan essays In Sabrosa Portugal, Spring of 1480 a great man was born. His name was Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan was the son of a nobleman. His mothers name was Alda Magalhaes. He also had a sister Isabel Magalhaes and a brother Diogo Magalhaes. As a boy he served as a page to the Portuguese Queen. He joined the army as a young man and spent 7 years as a soldier in India and the East Indies. Magellan was also married to Betriz Barbosa and had a son Rodrigo Barbosa, before he attempted the following. Some time in 1519, when Magellan was about 39 years old he decided to try to sail around the world. He first asked the king of Portugal who had doubts but told him he was free to offer his services elsewhere. So Magellan asked the King and Queen of Spain who was King Charles 1st and the Queen. Impressed by his proposal they agreed to sponsor his trip. They gave Magellan five ships. The Trinidad, San Antonio, Conception, Victoria, and the Santiago along with 270 men. They left Spain on September 20, 1519 and set out across the Atlantic and then turned south along the coast of South America. As they continued south the weather grew more stormier and bitter. And tempers of crew members got worse. Magellan had to execute one captain. They had to spend the winter on the coast near the tip of South America repairing boats. They set sail again in the spring. Magellan found what he was looking for, a strait. Which is now named after him, The Magellan Strait. Before sailing through it the crew stocked up on dried fish and smoked game. Then headed through the strait and into what he named the Pacific Ocean. After four and a half months, sailors almost dead, they finally reached inlands in which they called the Philippines. Magellan converted a chief to Catholic faith. Magellan became involved in a local war. Trying to show how strong Spain was , Magellan was killed by Mactan Ruler, Lapu Lapu, on April 27, 1...

Compulsory Radar Basics Seminar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compulsory Radar Basics Seminar - Essay Example The new radar technology known as Same Direction Radar or SDR was put into place long AFTER rule 15B was approved and implemented on the roads of Florida. There has been many complaints from traffic enforcers in Florida that have been operating under the old laws and also under the old training techniques. Both of these situations are now inappropriate with the new radar technology. Florida has now purchased new radar speed measuring equipments thereby new radar related speed measuring laws have to be put into place. In the famous State of Florida v. Aquilera in 1979 known widely as the Miami Radar Trial, the local television reporter showed a house had reached 28 mph and a tree reached 86 mph, the radar was less than accurate. This Dade County Court sustained a Motion to Suppress the results of radar units in mover than 79 speeding ticket cases. The court's opined that the reliability of radar speed measuring devices has not been proven reliable beyond reasonable doubt and it did not meet test of reasonable scientific certainty. We will discuss around 20 Florida speed violation cases during the seminar in order to help you in court appearances. We will also discuss the Florida laws on speed limits as the Florida law 3