Coffee and Tea

Espresso and Tea Coffee and tea have existed on the planet for quite a while. Many years back, individuals who lived in South America began to create espresso, however the most punctual beverage likes espresso was made by old Arabian. They thought it was a sort of medication utilized for stomach. After the fifteenth century, espresso was spread to different nations, for example, Egypt and Ottoman Empire by Muslims who returned from Hajj, while in antiquated China, Chinese individuals began to make tea around 3000 years prior. Due to decent condition and climate, the initial segment of tea plants was found in southwest China.After, drink tea turned into a significant culture of Chinese individuals, and tea started to spread into nations close to China. Espresso and tea are comparative, however unique in some particular zone. To start with, espresso and tea are comparative yet extraordinary in populace. Individuals from all around the globe like them. For instance, British individuals used to drink some tea with certain bites when they have a rest toward the evening. Western individuals appreciate drinking dark tea, and some of them blend it in with milk to make smooth tea. In like manner, a great many people like drinking espresso, for it regularly tastes good.In China, an ever increasing number of individuals started to drink espresso, and some of whom need to taste better espresso like blue mountain espresso. Nonetheless, in spite of the fact that these two beverages are both well known far and wide, espresso is as yet flushed most by western individuals, while the most amount of tea is utilized in East Asia. Individuals lived in China, Japan, and Korea viewed tea as the primary beverage. Second, espresso and tea are comparable however extraordinary in work. Both espresso and tea can revive individuals on the grounds that there is a sort of substance matter, which is caffeine in both of them.This concoction matter can be utilized for nerves to cause an individ ual to feel wakeful and vivacious. Likewise, a few specialists said that dark espresso and green tea can enable an individual to get more fit. In any case, conversely, tea has some more capacities because of another sort of substance matter which can’t be found in espresso. This synthetic issue that named tea polyphenol whose capacity is to calm the impact that is made by poison. At long last, espresso and tea have likeness and distinction in start. Them two are produced using plants.Thousands of years prior, individuals lived in Africa planted espresso trees in succeed, and now, Brazil has the most espresso trees on the planet. In south of China, there are a great deal of terraced fields that develop tea trees. Then again, individuals use leaves from tea to make tea, while they use organic products from espresso plants to make espresso. To summarize, espresso and tea are comparable in their populace, capacity, and beginning, while they are distinctive of their utilization in better place, their diverse synthetic issue, and their diverse material. I propose that individuals should drink both espresso and tea with the goal that they can be more advantageous.

Henry V Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Henry V - Essay Example l as a comprehension not just of the historical backdrop of Henry V and how Englishmen for the most part felt about him yet in addition of the period during which Shakespeare composed this play uncovers that he was completely genuine in his endeavors to respect the man who figures so unmistakably in the title and the play. The play annals the short rule of King Henry V, especially in accordance with his crusade in France and triumph in Agincourt. This crusade is presented as a methods for the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Ely to divert their young ruler from passing another bill that would strip the congregation, and consequently themselves, of a lot of the wealth and terrains they’ve been given by aristocrats without any children left to acquire. Henry himself is introduced as having totally transformed himself from before plays when he used to hang out in low-class bars and is currently introduced as a transcending Christian saint sovereign. â€Å"Hear him however reason in heavenliness,/And, all-respecting, with an internal wish,/You would want the ruler were made a prelate;/Hear him discussion of ward issues,/You would state it hath been all in his investigation;/List his talk of war, and you will hear/A dreadful fight rend’red you in music† (38-44). The main part of the play happens as the King walks his way through France and wins Agincourt just as his future lady of the hour, Catherine of France. One of the cases that Shakespeare was making a farce of King Henry has been founded on such talks as can be found in Act 4, Scene 7 when Fluellen endeavors to make an examination between the King and Alexander the Great, in light of upon the realities that they were both conceived in towns that start with the letter M and are the two towns that have a waterway experiencing it. In any case, the consideration that Shakespeare took recorded as a hard copy the play delineates the significance of the point to him. â€Å"[Shakespeare] paid attention to its genuine parts and went past the current showy renditions of Henry’s profession for his

Finding the Best Term Paper Writers

Finding the Best Term Paper WritersFinding the best term paper writers is a great way to save money and make sure that you are getting the best results. With so many different options available, how do you know which writers are worth using?The first thing you want to do when looking for the best term paper writers is to find someone who writes in a specific style. You don't want to work with someone who comes in and changes the content every single day. This isn't going to give you the best results and you won't be able to get any of your paper done in a timely manner.This is why it is important to look at how many different types of writers they use. If they are all the same type of writer, then they won't be able to create your paper. They will all have their own strengths and weaknesses.The best article writers will also take some time to learn about writing on the topic you are going to use. They will understand what the best topics are and how to make them the best. Most people use the same topics all the time and aren't aware of the differences.You want to hire someone who is going to be constantly learning about writing and not just starting out with very little knowledge. You want someone who will keep working to improve their skills as time goes on. Most writers, once they start writing, only stick to what they know.Now, if you are hiring writers for multiple articles, you should find out what their rates are going to be. This will help you know exactly what you are paying for. Most writers will agree to prices, but some will be cheaper than others.The best term paper writers will only charge you if you are happy with your paper. This will ensure that you are getting what you are paying for. Most writers will go above and beyond to get you your papers, so this is a plus.It can be easy to find the best term paper writers for your needs. You just need to take some time to do some research and find the right person for the job. It's never too late to go out and find someone who is able to write a quality piece of writing and is willing to go above and beyond to get it done.

Analysis Of The Poem The Great Gatsby - 2136 Words

Two poems are not as widely anthologized, but are thematically comparable in the manner Hughes expresses the disparity among the American Dream and the fact of life for African people in the course of the early twentieth Century. the mom says to her son that lifestyles has not been a â€Å"crystal stair† it has had tacks and splinters and torn boards on it, as good as areas without carpet. The stair is naked. however, she still climbs on, achieving landings, turning corners, and persevering in the darkish while there is no moderate. She commands him, â€Å"So boy, don’t you switch again.† She instructs him now not to go back down the stairs despite the fact that he thinks climbing is rough. He must are trying to not fall due to the fact that his mom is still going, nonetheless mountaineering, and her lifestyles â€Å"ain’t been no crystal stair.† Hughes wrote mother to Son When he was as soon as 21 years historical. He structures the poem as a dialo g between a mom and her son. It s free verse and written within the vernacular, that means that it mimics the patterns of speech and diction of conversation. The mummy starts with the aid of telling her son how tough her life has been it has no longer been a crystal stair. Hughes Then develops the metaphor of a staircase additional, as the mother describes the challenges in her lifestyles using symbols like tacks, splinters, uncarpeted flooring, and dark, unlit corners. She exhorts her son not to flip again, due to the fact that sheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1040 Words   |  5 PagesMontresor moved at a brisk pace through the dark catacombs, looking back periodically. He had the creeping feeling that, although obviously impossible, someone – or something – was following him. He shook the idea from his head; â€Å"Impossible!† he said, trying to convince himself. Even so, he still felt that odd feeling on the back of his neck. As he hurried through the damp and foreboding passageways, he replayed the evening’s events in his mind. As he recalled Fortunato’s desperate, yet futile, screamsRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Fitzgerald1302 Words   |  6 Pagestwo texts â€Å"The Great Gatsby† (Scott F. Fitzgerald), and the acclaimed poem â€Å"19† (W. H. Auden), as proven by the use of green light, the role of religion and strong imagery in society and analysis of the lives of those both lavished alongside those who possess only their pity for one’s self. Firstly, Green is represented in The Great Gatsby as a symbol of Gatsby’s unacquainted love for Daisy and its meaning of hope considering it is where she resides at the time. To Gatsby the green lightRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Whitman s I Hear America Poem1314 Words   |  6 Pagesothers not so much. We rewrote the Declaration of Independence, Walt Whitman s I Hear America poem, and argumentative essays, like out The Raven analysis. We also gave speeches– that was the hardest for me, in my previous English classes, none of them made me go in front of the class and present–, made infograph, and even a multigenre project. We also can’t forget the books we’ve read in class, like poems from Emily Dickinson, Walt Whitman, Edgar Allan Poe, and novels from F. Scott Fitzgerald, andRead MoreThe New Criticism, Structuralism, New Historical And African American Criticism1991 Words   |  8 PagesMeanwhile, New historicists, in contrast, don’t believe we have clear access to any but the Most basical facts of history.(Tyson, 283). This is because New Historical believes that history has the characteristics of the impossibility of objective analysis and complexity of history, which causes the difficulty in producing reliable interpretations of history. In literary, New Historical confined itself largely to studies of the author’s life, in order to discover his or her intentions in writing theRead More Hemingway and Fitzgerald Essay1423 Words   |  6 Pagesthat much of what is â€Å"known† about their relationship is through their correspondence and Hemingway’s writing, both of which are at times enigmatic, undecipherable or (as the above passage shows) even false. Despite this actuality, through careful analysis researchers have been able to piece together a factual timeframe of major events of their early relationship, starting with their initial meeting at The Dingo. In doing so scholars have also been able to develop some hypotheses about why these twoRead MoreMy Life As A Writer. From Childhood I Did Not Love Writing1195 Words   |  5 PagesMy love to books even became bigger when I went to school and my approach to writing slightly changed. In school my favorite lesson was literature since we got familiar there with different kinds of writings. I loved reading poems of Tajik writers the most because these poems had a deep meaning and helped to feel the atmosphere of those times. It was like if you were traveling with time machine to the past. My favorite book with which I got familiar in my literature class was the â€Å"Shahnameh† writtenRead MoreThe Passage of Time and Life in The Swimmer, by John Cheever2346 Words   |  10 Pagessupposedly takes place in the course of one single day. The physical setting of the story, however, seems to indicate a passage of seasonal time. Cheever uses this transition as a subliminal hint toward the main point of the story. In Bloom’s literary analysis on â€Å"The Swimmer,† the critic provides more insight: But there is even a longer time that elapses, because as Neddy swims through the seasons of the year, he is also swimming through the seasons of his own life. Bloom’s critique, although briefRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby2385 Words   |  10 Pagesin Princeton, but due to an unfortunate ending to his relationship with Ginevra King, his social habits and health, caused a decrease in his GPA and overall attitude towards learning. Despite his awful studying habits, Fitzgerald wrote many plays, poems, stories, and took part in many dramatic productions and songs. When Fitzgerald did return, he didn’t get the positions he once had, such as a leading figure in the Triangle Club, which was a very disappointing outcome. Unlikely to graduate, FitzgeraldRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pages AP Literary and Rhetorical Terms 1. 2. alliteration- Used for poetic effect, a repetition of the initial sounds of several words in a group. The following line from Robert Frosts poem Acquainted with the Night provides us with an example of alliteration,: I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet. The repetition of the s sound creates a sense of quiet, reinforcing the meaning of the line 3. allegory – Where every aspect of a story is representative, usually symbolicRead MoreOF MICE AND MEN ESSAY Libre2222 Words   |  9 PagesNorth Down. vancouver writing service Carrickfergus Of mice and men essay Hawaii Denver of mice and men essay Arkansas online algebra 2 course free, San Diego custom vinyl wall lettering uk Central. easy topics to write a research paper on Salford great essay introductions Dieppe. Iowa Of mice and men essay Lubbock of mice and men essay Idaho writing essay bridgeport, Dumfries Galloway, North Las Vegas, essay pollution 100 words, Fort Wayne project help austin. college essay help state of alaska

Why Arguments Against Free Trade Are Flawed

Economists conclude, under some simple assumptions, that allowing free trade in an economy improves welfare for society overall. If free trade opens up a market to imports, then consumers benefit from the low-priced imports more than producers are hurt by them. If free trade opens up a market for exports, then producers benefit from the new place to sell more than consumers are hurt by higher prices. Nonetheless, there are a number of common arguments made against the principle of free trade. Lets go through each of them in turn and discuss their validity and applicability. The Jobs Argument One of the main arguments against free trade is that, when trade introduces lower cost international competitors, it puts domestic producers out of business. While this argument isnt technically incorrect, it is short-sighted. When looking at the free trade issue more broadly, on the other hand, it becomes clear that there are two other important considerations. First, the loss of domestic jobs is coupled with reductions in prices of goods that consumers buy, and these benefits shouldnt be ignored when weighing the tradeoffs involved in protecting domestic production versus free trade. Second, free trade not only reduces jobs in some industries, but it also creates jobs in other industries. This dynamic occurs both because there are usually industries where the domestic producers end up being exporters (which increases employment) and because the increased income held by foreigners who benefited from free trade is at least partly used to buy domestic goods, which also increases employment. The National Security Argument Another common argument against free trade is that it is risky to depend on potentially hostile countries for vital goods and services. Under this argument, certain industries should be protected in the interests of national security. While this argument is also not technically incorrect, it is often applied much more broadly than it should be in order to preserve the interests of producers and special interests at the expense of consumers. The Infant-Industry Argument In some industries, pretty significant learning curves exist such that production efficiency increases rapidly as a company stays in business longer and gets better at what it is doing. In these cases, companies often lobby for temporary protection from international competition so that they can have a chance to catch up and be competitive. Theoretically, these companies should be willing to incur short-term losses if the long-term gains are substantial enough, and thus shouldnt need assistance from the government. In some cases, however, companies are liquidity constrained enough that it cant weather the short-term losses, but, in those cases, it makes more sense for governments to provide liquidity via loans than to provide trade protection. The Strategic-Protection Argument Some proponents of trade restrictions argue that the threat of  tariffs, quotas, and the like can be used as a bargaining chip in international negotiations. In reality, this is often a risky and unproductive strategy, largely because threatening to take action that is not in a nations best interest is often viewed as a non-credible threat. The Unfair-Competition Argument People often like to point out that its not fair to allow competition from other nations because other countries dont necessarily play by the same rules, have the same costs of production, and so on. These people are correct in that its not fair, but what they dont realize is that the lack of fairness actually helps them rather than hurts them. Logically, if another country is taking actions to keep its prices low, domestic consumers benefit from the existence of low-priced imports. Granted, this competition can put some domestic producers out of business, but its important to remember that consumers benefit more than producers lose in exactly the same way as when other countries are playing fair but happen to be able to produce at lower cost anyway. In summary, the typical arguments made against free trade are generally not convincing enough to outweigh the benefits of free trade except in very particular circumstances.

What Are The Strengths And Weaknesses Of My Writing

Considering my essay and rubric there are some strengths and weaknesses. In my essay, i felt like the setting of my story was good as well as the body of the essay. What i mean by this is by my choice of words, variety of verbs, format, and how easy it is to read. The overall quality of my writing in my opinion was the best part. I feel like the details I used really gave my paper character. Details such as how I used to write on a lot of the things I owned, how in the sixth and seventh grade I wrote an 18 page paper on a Cinderella story, and how I loved to write. Where I struggled with writing this essay would be consistency with point of view and and the five senses. A peer of mine noticed I had accidentally used the word â€Å"you† a few†¦show more content†¦I didn’t have an argument in my paper, nor I didn’t have quite the thesis. Although, I did talk a little bit at the end of my paper how growing up with being highly influenced with writing has sh aped me to enjoy writing. I did on the other hand structure my essay to have three paragraphs to give the reader a short pause in between sections, and in my own words talked about my fascinating past experiences with writing throughout my life. What my work has taught me through this narrative is a variety of things. I re-wrote my experiences on when I learned how to write, and what’s influenced me to do so. What my work illustrates about me is that I am a writer. Not the best, and certainly not the worst, but i am a writer. Writing this narrative has brought up so many great experiences about my past with writing. Experiences such as how I learned to write, to how i’ve expanded to use writing as a whole, and what I want to do with writing in the future. What i’ve learned about myself through writing in general is that writing is a part of me. As it is to everybody. All throughout my education and from my peers around me it has helped me learn many different ways how to structure, cope, and strengthen my writing. It has taught me that we all have stories to tell and that writing is one of the best ways to communicate. Looking at my summary and response essay and my narrative there are some differences. First ofShow MoreRelatedStrengths and Weaknesses Essay844 Words   |  4 PagesStrengths and Weaknesses Throughout the Mid-SEE I have written reflections on my writing and participated in group activities. I have received comments back from my peers and suggestions to help with revising my paper. With the help of my professor, Professor Church and my classmates, I was able to comprehend their suggestions to me to make my essay better and by revising my classmate’s essays, I was able to point out mistakes that I might have made in my essay, which made myself go back to myRead MoreFootball Reflection Paper773 Words   |  4 Pagesfootball player. I started 2 seasons ago, and am on my third. As with anything, I have strengths and weaknesses when playing football. But I have to work with these if I want to be a good football player. My experience with football also can relate to ELA and my strengths and weaknesses there. I started football because I felt I would be good at it. I was good in some aspects, but some I was bad in. An aspect I was good in was my physical strength. I go to a weight room in Marlboro called H.I.T. trainingRead MoreEntering The Class, English Comp914 Words   |  4 Pagesone, I had many fears as to what the class would be like. I had no idea what to expect as a senior in highschool. During the past english classes I had, we wrote papers, just not a different one every day. Going into english comp. one, I figured it would be the same method in english just like the past classes I had. On the very first day in the class, I quickly found out that I would have to buckle down a little more than I have been in the past. I knew then, from what Mrs. Garth had told us, thatRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Reading Essay958 Words   |  4 PagesMy Path A persons strength was always his weakness. When it comes to reading and writing, I have many strengths and weaknesses. My past writing and reading experiences have made me into the writer/reader that I today. Strengths help me excel in my read/write, but the weaknesses do bring me in a stump at times. When writing an essay, you can have a very high vocabulary, but not have the best of grammar. The good thing about weaknesses is that they can be worked on to be made into a strength. ManyRead MoreMy Strengths And Weaknesses Of An Effective Student988 Words   |  4 Pagesand use their current strengths and weaknesses to create a game plan that will help them be an effective student. Personally, I think this is a great tool because it helped me identify what my strengths are. Since I identified more strengths than weaknesses I saw this self-assessment as a motivation tool. In this lesson, I learned that there can be patterns to your strengths and your weaknesses (Bethel University, 2014). This essay will go over what my strengths and weaknesses were, after takingRead MoreGraduation Speech On The State Exams1460 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the 15 years of my academic career, academic writing has become a much larger part of the curriculum. The writing assignments have gone from simple, one- line sentences describing a picture to a simple, 3- paragraph persuasive essay on the state exams in high school; all the way to a 25 page comprehensive research essay during my freshman year at East Stroudsburg University. As the years and assignments progressed, I developed a set of writing weakness and strengths that still shape the wayRead MoreIs Writing Always Difficult?994 Words   |  4 PagesIs writing always difficult? How I should know, right now I can barely tell the difference between a comma splice and a run on sentence. Strengths, weaknesses, and source of help: These are all of the ways I plan on becoming a better writer. As it may seem I am not a writer of all weaknesses. I do have some strengths. My strengths as a writer a few, but I try my best with what I have. What went well in my reflection paper? I did a good job on my paper length and MLA formatting. I was able to setRead MoreSelf as a Writer: Building Writing Skills upon Basic Foundations846 Words   |  4 PagesII, I felt confident in my writing abilities and believed to the fullest extent that I would be able to excel in this course due to my background in creative writing. This assumption was quickly blown away as I realized that the basics that I had so diligently followed and learned fell short when writing essays. I felt exactly like the pianist as I was asked to write my first formal essay, I was not prepared with the correct tools and previous knowledge and yet I had to do my best. I failed. AfterRead MoreMy Goals And Strengths And Weaknesses981 Words   |  4 PagesBrooke Point High School has been my second home for the past thre e years and a half. There, I have completed three Honors English classes, and I’m currently in a Dual Enrollment course. In those three years and a half, I have witnessed my writing skills develop and improve remarkably over time, as well as my academic growth as a writer. Like every other writer, I have both strengths and weaknesses. I rarely experience difficulty when it comes to grammar, putting my thoughts onto paper, and researchingRead MoreMy Academic Performance Of High School871 Words   |  4 Pages My academic performance in high school always had its up and downs. I graduated with a 3.2 GPA, even though it is not the best, I still am very proud of it. My first year of high school, I was the teacher’s pet but unfortunately that lasted for a year. Once I found a new group of friends, it got me into making bad decisions, and that was when my grades started looking poorly, and my weaknesses started to surface. Describe your academic strengths and weaknesses as learner, particularly in relation

Child Prostitution in Asia Essay Example For Students

Child Prostitution in Asia Essay Close your eyes. Imagine a young girl about six tied to a bed in a brothel and forced to service fifteen to thirty men in one night. Imagine this girl living in poverty, after all promises of selling herself told of riches. Now imagine this girl is your own. These are not pretty thoughts, but these actions are commonplace in Asia. In the February 1995 issue of World I, Christopher P. Baker discusses his findings in the article, Kiddy Sex-Luring the Tourist for Love Beneath the Palms. In Asia more than half of the working prostitutes are under the age of 16, many of those are under the age of ten. Most people who hear the staggering statistics, just like me, ask why. There are many answers, and none of them could possibly justify the sexual exploitation of children. Many tourists and locals for that matter think that children will be less likely to carry the AIDS virus, which is a misconception. It is estimated that 72.4% of the child prostitutes in Asia carry HIV. Many Asian men also believe that sex with a virgin will rejuvenate them, and that sex with a virgin will cure venereal disease. Many different countries have been promoting the brothels by selling child sex tours. Police also keep their information about brothels and pimps quiet, making Asia a prime pedophile playground. Pedophiles who find the laws in their countries too strict can go off to Asia and find themselves young girls, or boys. Many of the non-pedophile tourists believe child prostitution to be custom, or feel they are helping the children. What these people dont know is that most of these children do not keep their earnings. Of course the main reason for the Child Prostitution in Asia Essay is poverty. Many child prostitutes are sold by their parents for about $350-$600. Others are lured by the promise of respectable work, while others are kidnapped and held captive in brothels. These children are then required to work off their debt to the owner, usually only receiving $3-$4 for each client, where $2-$3 goes for room and board. Most of these children are on call 24 hours a day, and receive no payment at all. Child prostitution is illegal in Asia just as in the U.S. The main difference is police in Asia are so corrupt they actually stand guard for the brothels. The UN has also taken steps to help stop child prostitution in Asia. It is a travesty to allow children to be treated this way. The only future a country has is its youth, and it is a shame to see them so defiled. Shel Silverstein wrote a poem that I read when I was very young that told the tale of gypsies coming to buy the towns children. These thoughts put the fear of God in me as a child, but they are a reality in Asia. Many of the child prostitutes in Asia were bought from or sold by their families to the gypsies. Cameron W. Barr talks about child prostitutes in Asia in his article Asias Traffickers Keep Girls in Sexual Servitude, in the August 22, 1996 edition of Christian Science Monitor. Many of the children brought into prostitution in Asia are bought from their families. Others are lured by promises of wealth, some are kidnapped, and all end up as indentured sexual slaves to brothel owners. Because of poverty families end up having to sell children like cattle or chickens in order to live. Many families rationalize that their children will then find work and not have to live in poverty. This simply isnt so. Most of the children sold into prostitution find themselves in third-class brothels in the same poverty they left, and being forced to perform sexual acts for the material gain of pimps, and contracting incurable diseases like HIV. The Philosophy Of Truth Making You Free Essay Those who are not cooperative are drugged, beaten and even tied to the beds. On the other side there are other child prostitutes that are accepting of their fate because it was the wish of the family. Most probably these girls will never escape. Police and politicians are all in on the child .

Persepolis Essay Example

Persepolis Paper Effects of Violence on Marli Although violence is intended to harm someone, there can be positive effects in certain situations. In MarJane Satrapis personal memoir, Persepolis, it is shown that Marli is exposed toa large amount of violence in her life, and in turn, it has affected her in many ways. The negative effect on her life include the emotional scarring that entails deaths from violence and also her increased violent tendencies. A positive effect of violence on MarJis adolescence is that she becomes more mature and is able to stand up for herself. MarJis exposure to the difficult times around her define ho she is as an individual, how she behaves, and how she matures. As a child is growing up, the people around them affect them greatly, and the violence around Marli and her life is emotionally scarring to her. Her Uncle Anoosh was executed for being a Russian spy, and she cared for him greatly. After she receives the news, she is visited by her image of God, and during this brief appearance she shouts at him, saying, Shut up, you! Get out of my life!!! I never want to see you again! (Satrapi 70). We will write a custom essay sample on Persepolis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Persepolis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Persepolis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This quote is quite strong for MarJi; it is shouted in a iolent manner that is fairly unusual for her. She is very torn up about the situation that is at hand, which in itself is aggressive, and she is trying to cope. Usually this God is a comforting friend, a figment of her imagination that she created to try to understand the world around her. In this case, she feels that it is his fault that her uncle was executed. She tells him to leave because she doesnt trust him, especially since she is in a unstable, mourning condition. In the image Marli is standing on her bed, pointing to guide God to leave her. God looks sad or disappointed, but almost ike he expected it, and is accepting of his banishment, which could translate to him feeling guilty about the situation. The blackened background gives the impression that the main idea is her and God and also that she is starting to feel lost in her sadness and the enormity of the fact at hand. The way she is standing on the bed gives her power when she is possibly weak, making her seem taller and steadier. Another more graphic case of violence in MarJis life was the bombing near her house. Her neighbors house was bombed, and it is inferred that they were killed. After seeing what she believes is a hand, she explains, No scream in the world could have relieved my suffering and my anger (Satrapi 142). She was friends with her neighbor and is very difficult to have such a harsh visual in front of her. It was especially traumatizing for Marli because it was so close to her home and she must have thought of the possibility of that being her family. The panel for this phrase is just darkness, which expresses MarJis grief and her emotions clouding her thinking. She cant think of anything other than mute blackness because of the shock she feels. In both of these situations, someone close to Marli has been brutally killed, whether it be by assassination or bombing. Marli has been through a lot in her life, but deaths like this will stay with her forever and affect the weight of her memories. Prolonged exposure to certain behaviors can lead to slight mirroring of these habits which applies to Marli and her violent tendencies. She is susceptible to the of being fierce, threatening, and occasionally rude. For example, when Marli is very young, she hears that her friend Ramins father killed thousands of people, and creates a plan to punish him. She explains that her idea was to put nails between our fingers like American brass knuckles and to attack Ramin (Satrapi 45). Marli clarifies that she got the idea from hearing about American brass knuckles, something that should not be conveyed to young children. She came to the conclusion that Ramin should be punished very easily, only discovering it from word of mouth. According to Ramin, his father only killed evil communists. Based on this information, it can be inferred that Marli acted severely and irrationally, and effect of her exposure to the issues around her. In the image, Marli and a few of her friends re stomping through the streets, looking for Ramin, who is hiding behind a tree, looking very scared. The expression MarJis face and her stance is very similar to the panels that show protests and demonstrations. The tree that Ramin is hiding behind has only a single leaf on its otherwise bare branches, which could show the lack of protection Ramin has. Marli is very strong willed and opinionated and this is shown through her actions, such as when she is influenced by violence and destruction around her. After she learns that Iraqi bombs were dropped on Tehran, she reacts uickly, exclaiming, The Iraqis have always been our enemies. They want to invade us We have to bomb Baghdad! (Satrapi 81-2). Marli has been exposed to the bombings around her and she immediately wants to respond in a negative way, by fighting fire with fire. For an adolescent, these are strong topics to be dealing with and her voice on the matter is very aggressive. She is very adamant about the decisions she makes, even if she doesnt know all the information. Marli has a habit of being determined about a subject to show confidence and it also works to cover he fact that she might not know all the information. In both these images, Marli is angry and she seems to look like she believes that these behaviors are the obvious answers. She is very strong in her posture and she is defying her father in the first image, showing that she believes she is right and needs to show him that. In the second image, she is saying it in a matter of fact tone, and she has her feet on the table, a symbol of rebellion and confidence. She thinks that she knows they answer and wants to be strong willed about it. Although violence has a negative connotation, it does have the positive effect of ausing Marli to mature and act older than her true age. Ever since she was young, Marli has been fairly independent and opinionated. In her school life, she has talked back to her teachers multiple times. For example, when she wears her bracelet after a warning from the principal, she exclaims, With all the Jewelry you steal from us, you must be making a pile of money (Satrapi 143). This response is followed by Marli hitting the principal and being expelled. This may seem like a bad thing for MarJi, and it is, but it also shows her willingness to stand up for what she believes in. She showed that she is confident and doesnt want to listen to authority figures with whom she doesnt agree. She is an independent young women and her ability to stand up for herself will be useful as she grows up. I think MarJis expression in this panel is key. She looks angry, surprised, and almost disgusted. She knows what she believes is right and she doesnt want anyone to tell her otherwise. The principal is which almost Justifies MarJis action to hit her. Afterward, she apologizes to the principal, because of her natural instinct to try to lessen the severity of a situation. I hink she acts irrationally in this instance because she has learned that in dangerous or violent situations, she needs to act in a way that exerts her confidence and dominance. I believe that the formation of these behaviors is due to Marli toughening her personality to deal with the brutality surrounding her. Another example of MarJis maturing behavior is the cigarette she smokes. As she tried her first one, she said With this first cigarette, I kissed my childhood goodbye (Satrapi 117). She was using the cigarette as an act of rebellion against her moms dictatorship, but this is eflected with the executions of the regimes oppositions and the violence around her in general. Marli feels the need to rebel because she sees her mother as the dictator of the household and rebelling against her is correlated with rebelling against the revolution. It is well know that cigarettes are incredibly destructive to your health and they represent the violence to which Marli is exposed. She sees this act as her development into a grown-up. Being mature in her society is necessary because otherwise it is difficult to support yourself. As it turns out, Marli had to move away rom her family so her independence and growth will help her in her new life. In the final panel, where she dismisses her childhood, Marli looks confident and sure of herself and her decisions. The black background shows that this is an intense situation and all the attention should be focused on Marli and her actions. In the panel before, Marli was crying due to the cigarette but also due to the ideas entailed with smoking a cigarette and the loss of her childhood. She stopped crying for the last panel to show that she isnt afraid and she is ready for what adulthood could try o throw at her. In conclusion, violence has both negative and positive effects on MarJi. There is expected emotional scarring from the visual violence around her and as an individual, she develops a few violent behaviors. On the other hand, Marli has become more independent and grown-up, almost forcefully, from her exposure to the violence around her. Marli was living in a life surrounded by turmoil and destruction and she had nearly no choice but to endure the difficulties around her and work through them, leading to her growth into a stronger individual.

Health Care’s Professional Regulation and Criminal Liability Essay Example

Health Care’s Professional Regulation and Criminal Liability Essay Example Health Care’s Professional Regulation and Criminal Liability Paper Health Care’s Professional Regulation and Criminal Liability Paper Research your state’s statutes for the regulation of health care professionals, including licensure, credentialing, certification, and registration requirements. In addition, research areas of potential criminal liability relating to these procedures, as well as professional misconduct. Then, prepare a 1,400-1,750 word paper that summarizes your findings with respect to one type of health care professional (e.g. physicians, nurses, pharmacists, nurse practitioners, etc.). Include the following components:a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Identify the civil complaint process for patients/consumers to use in the event of suspected professional misconduct or incompetence.b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Explore the role of the respective regulatory agencies in investigating such allegations and determining and applying appropriate disciplinary action, if any.c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Identify any potential criminal liability that could result to the health care professional relative to abuse s perpetrated in practices involving these procedures, as well as professional misconduct.d.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ascertain the process that would be followed in the event that criminal charges were to be filled for the described criminal behavior.The one type of health care professional I select for this assignment is â€Å"Physicians.† I included a web link for the research portion.   Link to the Medical Board of Californiambc.ca.gov/Index.htmThis web links covers complaint process, disciplinary actions and more.The Business and Professional Codes in the State of California are given under Section 800 to 809.9.   All Professional boards, including the Medical Board of California maintain a register of the names and addresses of all the practitioners.   All information of the licensees such as criminal records, insurance judgments and settlements, public complaints, disciplinary actions, etc, is noted.   The information of all the files are maintained confidential by the Board, but relevant information may be required for public records.   The Board shall protect the licensee from misuse of any of the personal information (which could result in threats to reputation, rights, benefits, etc).   From time to time, the Board may ask the licensee to submit additional information.The Laws of the Medical Board of California are one of the stringiest in the Country.   In the year 2003-04, the Board received about 5000 applications, out of which about 4000 were passed.   It can take anywhere between six to eight months for the applicant to obtain a license.   The Medical Board has to get some information of the potential licensee from the medical schools.   The long time period in giving licenses is mainly due to the huge number of applicants.   The applicants are examined in order of submission.   Once the duly filled in application form along with the documents and the fees are submitted, each of the applications are reviewed.   T he applicant should also submit fingerprint cards.   Once the initial review process is finished (usually it takes within 60 days), the applicant is informed, and has to submit a list of documents notified by the Board.   Usually for US and Canadian Graduates, the review process is quicker than candidates from other countries.   The FBI Fingerprint clearance is also required which may take some time.   In case of international applicants, it may take a longer time, as the applicant may not have the education and training requirements required by the California laws to practice in the state.   It may take a longer time to obtain documents from foreign schools and translated versions of certificates.   Once the documents are submitted and are in order, it may take about 3 months for them to be processed.   The senior authorities of the California Medical Board will review the applicant’s details and credentials.   In some cases unprecedented delays may occur dur ing processing, and hence, no applicant is given an exact date when their application would be ready.Patients are encouraged to file a complaint with the Board, when they have been harmed by the physician, and to prevent harm to other people.   The procedure is usually similar for civil malpractice and criminal liability.   The Medical Board of California is ready to help people to file a complaint against the physician for medical malpractice and also ensures their confidentiality.   However, the physician may know about the complainant identity as he/she may have to provide the case records and the details of the case during the investigation period.   Some of the reasons for filing disciplinary actions against the physicians include:-Situations in which the physician seriously departs from the established standards of practice whilst providing medical care (gross negligence).   Some of these include avoidance of diagnostic tests, not using accepted method of diagnosing and relating the patients or not identifying and treating the symptoms of the patients, and not seeking reference with a specialist.Repeatedly performing certain acts that may not be considered serious departure forms the accepted standards of practice, but can be referred to as ‘simple negligence.Incompetence on the part of the physician can be considered when the physician lacks knowledge, experience and skill in performing a particular medical procedure, or uses an obsolete procedure.Sexual violationsSubstance abuseCriminal activityUnlawful use of drugs in the prescriptionFiling of false insurance claimsPermitting an unlicensed person to deliver patient careFor several medical malpractices and misconducts, the physician could be held for criminal liability.   Any serious injury, physical or mental retardation, death, etc arising during the medical treatment in the care of the physician could be considered under criminal liability.   However, the standard of proof requir ed for proving criminal negligence is very high compared to civil liability.   The physician is usually liable when the standard of care provided is deficient to the standard or reasonable level.   In the US about 44, 000 deaths occur annually as a result of medical negligence.   Some of the other cases of criminal liability occur when the physician is not able to diagnose a potential disorder or gives a faulty diagnosis, delays giving a test interpretation or gives a test interpretation that is faulty, discrepancies during administration of drugs, fails to provide certain information to the patients before or during the performance of any medical procedure, uses substandard equipment or drugs, sexually abuses the patient, etc.The Medical Board of California respects a complaint from the people when it suspects that the laws have been dishonored.   The Attorney General charges the violators and also punishes the violators on behalf of the public.   The Board is represented at the hearings against the physicians by the Deputy Attorney General.   The Board has a Division for maintaining Medical Quality.   This Board review, accepts, rejects or alters the decisions set by the judges at the public hearing, or sets new decisions that are an alternative to the decision set by the judges at the public hearing, or takes disciplinary actions as an agreement as an alternative procedure to public hearings.   The Board can suspend or cancel the license issued to a physician incase the charges are proved against the physician.   They can also place the physician on probation for a certain period, impose fines or penalties or limit the practice.   The appropriate law enforcement agency is informed when criminal charges have been proved against the physician to enforce criminal punishment (such as fines and imprisonment).   Sometimes, the Board can conduct an examination to determine the competency level of the physician.   Physicians who abuse alcoho l or drugs whilst delivering patient care may have to undergo a rehabilitation program under the supervision of the Board.   The Board also provides information to the patients about the current licensure details of the physician, the disciplinary action taken against a physician, disciplinary charges pending, and history of medical malpractice and criminal record.   Some of the information of the physician which is known to the public includes:-1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Disciplinary actions taken by the Board against the physician in the past2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Disciplinary actions taken by the Board of another state or agency against the physician in the past3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Felony convictions against the physician by the Board after the year 1991.4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Misdemeanor convictions against the physician by the Board after the year 2006.5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Minor violations of law by the physician6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whether a hospital has taken certain di sciplinary actions against the physician that has resulted in termination of the services provided by the physician7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Malpractice judgments and arbitrations where the awards were above US $ 30, 000.Once the Board receives a complaint from the public, a thorough investigation is held in order to gather evidence against the erring physician.   Usually complaints against the physician should be filed with seven years of the occurrence of the event.   However, there are several exceptions to this limitation period such as cases involving sexual abuse, criminal liability and abuse of a minor.   Once the complaint is received at the office, it is thoroughly reviewed by the supervisor and handled out to an investigator.   Serious complaints (such as death of the patient, physical injury, criminal misconduct, etc) are given priority and are handled promptly.   The Board will intimate the appropriate law enforcement agency in case the patient has to be protected .   The Board will notify the person about the status of the complaint during all stages.   The Board will thoroughly investigate the case.   The physician, witnesses, complainant, etc, may be interviewed for their versions of the incident.   An expert committee may be set up to provide expert advice of the case.The medical records of the patient and the details of the physician submitted during the application process are also reviewed and may be taken as evidence.   The Board drafts investigations documents and serves them to the required body.   It also performs undercover search operations and provides search warrants.   After the physician is interviewed, the expert committee assesses the situations and suggests the standard of proof existing.   Once evidence is obtained by the Medical Board that a medical malpractice has occurred, it is immediately submitted before the Office of the Attorney General and the Health Quality Enforcement Section.   The AG’ s Office will study the case if sufficient evidence exist, and if it does, charges are framed.   If strong and clear evidence exists against the physician, civil litigation charges are filed.   If a criminal element is involved, the standard of proof needs to be higher.   Such cases are further handed over to the Court for review before the Administrative Law Judge for public hearing.   If sufficient evidence is not obtained, the case may have to be closed.   If the violation that has occurred is insufficient to file a review before the administrative law judge, the case may also have to be closed.If the physician has committed a grossly negligent act that has caused the death of the patient, he/she could be held criminally liable.   The information is first presented to the Coroner.   An initial report is filed with the Medical Board and includes all information such as name of the physician, date of death, place of death, etc.   Within 90 days the Coroner’s report should be followed with the autopsy report.   The cause of death is usually established through expert evidences.   Expert testimonials are also utilized in civil cases.   Most cases of criminal negligence may be punished with criminal imprisonment and fines.   The fines usually cannot be paid from Insurance companies.   The physician may have to pay for the fine through his/her own means.   In criminal cases in California, peer review material was not protected from discovery.   This may be different from other state criminal laws, as in criminal proceedings, peer review material are secluded from discovery.   Section 805.2 of the Business and Professional Code provides for the peer review process of during malpractice cases.   The Peer review group will conduct a fair, objective and free study, separate from the Board, or the Physician.

Balanced Score Card Implementation & the Internal Business Process Coursework

Balanced Score Card Implementation & the Internal Business Process Perspective - Coursework Example It further aids in the enhancement of the future of the clients. The three objectives expounds on the provision of opportunities, encouraging of responsibility, ensuring of integrity, facilitation of purpose and lastly promotion of the family and community at large. Walmart’s mission is â€Å"saving people money so they can live better† (Walmart.com). The comparison and impacts of three new objectives on financial objectives is relatively negative. While financial objectives aims at encouraging larger income to the firm, the new objectives aims at increasing costs or expenditures on the introduced sectors, for instance, buying of new accounting software or segregation of job (QuickMBA, 2010). Comparison of the objectives to customer experience indicates a positive essence. Clients are likely to acquire new, and a better services form the new objectives. This is notable by consideration of the better shopping experience and excellent environment. The objectives help in fulfilling the customer experience by complementing the customer satisfaction. The objectives fail to fulfil the financial objective since the financial objectives bases on reduction of expenditure while expanding income segments. These objectives recommends introductions of segregation of duties and consideration of authorization process that creates additional expenditures to the company as more funds will spent on recruiting very skilled and academically qualified staffs. Production output may increase gradually as time goes, but it’s a long term investment in a competent staff body. These internal business objectives are important in lining out the operational activities of Walmart with regards to management and supervisions of workers and use of current software in managing the operations of the supermarket especially the accounting sector. I do not wish to make any change to the previous write ups

Report on health and safety differences between carribean and uk Essay

Report on health and safety differences between carribean and uk - Essay Example The way in which they do this varies, however, from one country to the next. While the Caribbean islands handle this administration through a prescriptive approach, the UK uses something called goal-setting strategies to ensure basic human health and safety standards are met. This particular method of enforcing compliance is quite different from prescriptive strategies in many ways, which will be enumerated through various examples throughout this document. Companies that operate in more than one country may find it beneficial to meet the most restrictive of the requirements set forth by both countries, but can only do so once those requirements are delineated and compared. By understanding the current conditions and prescriptive strategies used in the Caribbean as well as the conditions and strategies used in the UK, one can compare the similarities and differences between the two systems and adjust each for maximum goal-setting strategy development prior to company relocation. In discussing prescriptive strategies versus goal-setting strategies, it is important to understand the difference between the two. Although legislation can be created in any country that governs the use of goal-setting strategies as well, the use of the term prescriptive strategies as it is used in this document will refer to all health and safety management strategies that are specifically outlined in legislative form. In other words, these strategies are required by mandate as a means of meeting basic minimum compliance levels, and tend to spell out the exact requirements, methods, practices and means of reporting or record keeping in the areas of health and safety management for employees and companies operating within a specific governmental sphere. These minimum requirements can be applied to any kind of health or safety issue including environmental concerns at large, employee health plans or allowable workforce

Reading of the modernists involved such a process of disturbance Essay Example for Free

Reading of the modernists involved such a process of disturbance Essay Modernist writers disturbed their readers by adopting complex and difficult new forms and styles. To what extent has your reading of the modernists involved such a process of disturbance? Modernist literature flaunts difficult, often aggressive or disruptive, forms and styles; it frequently challenges traditional realistic style and is characterised by a rejection of 19th century traditions. Literary modernism focuses on breaking away from rules and conventions, searching for new perspectives and points of view, experimenting in form and style. It breaks up and disturbs the settled state of literature and emphasises a re-structuring of literature and the experience of reality it represents. Although art always attempts to imitate or represent reality, what changed was the understanding of what constitutes reality, and how that reality could best be represented. Modernist literature is marked by a break with the sequential, developmental, cause-and-effect presentation of the reality of realist fiction, towards a presentation of experience as layered, allusive, and discontinuous: using, to these ends, fragmentation and juxtaposition, motif, symbol, allusion. From time to time there occurs some revolution, or sudden mutation of form and content in literature. Then, some way of writing which has been practiced for a generation or more, is found by a few people to be out of date, and no longer to respond to contemporary modes of thought, feeling and speechtradition has been flouted, and chaos has come.1 This process of disturbance can be seen in the experimentation in form in order to present differently the structure, the connections, and the experience of life. The tightening of form puts an emphasis on cohesion, interrelatedness and depth in the structure of the novel. This is accomplished in part through the use of various devices such as symbolism, narrative perspectives, shifts and overlays in time and place and perspective. Woolf uses these methods to explore what lies outside the specification of the real. Woolf draws on an interior and symbolic landscape: the world is moved inside, structured symbolically and metaphorically, as opposed to the realist representations of the exterior world as a physical and historical, site of experience. The painter Jacques Raverat wrote in a correspondence to Woolf: The problem with writing is that it is essentially linear; it is almost impossible, in a sequential narrative, to express the way ones mind responds to an idea, a word or an experience, where, like a pebble being thrown in to a pond, splashes in the outer air are accompanied under the surface by waves that follow one another into dark and forgotten corners2 Woolf felt it was precisely the task of the writer to go beyond a linear representation of reality in order to show how people think and dream. Rather than take her characters from point A to point B, Woolf gives the impression of simultaneous connections: a form patterned like waves in a pond. She reveals what is important about her characters by exploring their minds and the thoughts of those surrounding them. Such explorations lead to complex connections between people, between past and present, and between interior and exterior experience. Woolf establishes these connections through metaphors and imagery, and structures the novel using alternating images of beauty and despair, exhilaration and melancholy. These juxtapositions suggest both the impulse towards life and the impulse towards death, which makes the process of reading disconcerting and recondite. Woolf dispensed with conventional beginnings and endings, and the traditional structure of events in time, for example, Mrs Dalloway tells about one days experiences for two characters whose lives are not connected with each other, except by the slightest coincidence at the end. Woolf uses perceived time interwoven with clock time to create a simultaneous experience of past and present. The scene is London after the war, but also Bourton thirty years ago. In this commingling of time, the past exists on its own and in its relations to the present. Time is moved into the interior as well: it becomes psychological time, time as an innerly experienced or symbolic time, or time as it accommodates a symbolic rather than a chronological reality. Examining the intersection of time and timelessness, Woolf creates a new and disturbing novelistic structure in Mrs. Dalloway wherein her prose has blurred the distinction between dream and reality, between the past and present. An authentic human being functions in this manner, simultaneously flowing from the conscious to the unconscious, from the fantastic to the real, and from memory to the moment. Throughout Mrs Dalloway the focus continually shifts from the external world to the characters consciousness and how they perceive it. This has the disquieting effect of back grounding observable reality so the details emerge more slowly than when they are presented by an omniscient narrator. However, the London setting is established immediately, the streets and landmarks are real, this verisimilitude of setting seems to give the characters a solidity which is juxtaposed with the fluidity of the depiction of the characters thought processes. Mrs Dalloway supposes that somehow in the streets of London, on the ebb and flow of things, here, there, she survived3 The fact that the narrative takes place on a specific date is disclosed more gradually than the setting is, for example, Clarissa thinks For it was the middle of June. The war was over4 and then the narrator tells us it is Wednesday on page fifteen. Later still Peter Walshs thoughts reveal that it is 19235. There are also references to Gold cup day at Ascot so by naming a specific year Woolf turns what could have been a fictional fact in to a real one. Woolf implies a concept of time as a series of life conjunctures rather than impersonal. These are established by the presence of sensory phenomena in different contexts such as the sound of Big Ben, the common perceptions among unrelated observers, for instance, the prime ministers car. Also, by convergences at occasions of group activities as in Clarissas party. Time seems relativistic in the sense it depends on systems of measurement. The clocks divide the day into quarter hours. The loud voice of Big Ben is associated with the masculine. It is described as a young man, strong, indifferent, inconsiderate, were swinging dumb-bells this way and that6. It marks the movements of the two doctors, Peter Walsh and Sir Richard as they move through their day, making pronouncements. St Margarets on the other hand is the feminine. It follows Big Bens booming leaden circles with ring after ring of sound that glides into the heart like a hostess, like Clarissa herself7 thinks Peter Walsh as he hears St Margarets peeling sound. Furthermore, The clocks divide time into a pattern, Shredding and slicing, dividing and subdividing, the clocks of Harley Street nibbled at the June day, counselled submission, upheld authority, and pointed out in chorus the supreme advantages of a sense of proportion8 The ringing of the clock bells radiates from the centre of the city. The sound creates a design in the texture of the narrative, slicing through the characters subjective experience of time and contrasting this with objective, exterior time. In To The Lighthouse many of the characters are preoccupied with time. Mr. Ramsay worries about how his philosophical work will stand the test of time, just as Lily expects her painting to be rolled up and forgotten. The very style of the novel brings time into question as Woolf infuses even a brief moment in an everyday event, such as reading a story to a child, with an infinitude of thought and memory 9 Meanwhile days, tides, and seasons keep up their rhythms regardless of human events, while historical time brings cataclysmic change in the form of war. In addition, time brings loss as well as renewal. Mrs. Ramsay dies, while the children she has left behind continue to grow. In To the Lighthouse Woolf depicts two contrasting kinds of time, the linear and regular plodding of clock or objective time, and the reiterative, non-linear time of human experience. Her depiction of subjective time, layered and complex was, critics have observed, not unlike that of the philosopher Henri Bergson, though there is no evidence of any direct influence. It is in the Time Passes section of the novel that Woolfs interest in the contrasting forms of temporality is most evident. The narrative style of this part is very unusual and is unlike that of Parts I and III. Its effort to narrate from what Woolf called an eyeless point of view is strange, it is as if she is thinking of the philosophical problem, the problem with which Mr Ramsay grapples in the novel, of how to think of the world when there is no one there. This is translated into an artistic problem, of how to narrate the passage of time when there is no one there to witness it. The scale of events in Time Passes is much grander than the scale in The Window, thus throughout this section Woolf employs a different method and uses parenthetical asides to impart important news. Instead of focusing on the thoughts of her characters, she keeps a tight focus on the house itself. Dramatic events such as Mrs. Ramsays death could not have been confronted in the style of The Window. as the subtle, everyday quality of the interactions between events and thoughts would have been disturbed by the introduction of the tumultuous news imparted here. The airs in this section of the novel are like times fingers. The constant, regular beam of the Lighthouse is closely allied with time, too, like an all-seeing and immortal eye. Puffs of air detached from the body of the wind10 pull at the loose wallpaper and the things in the house, the light from the Lighthouse guiding them through the house. Natural time is seen as objective and inhuman, it is destructive and violent in the sense that it has no concern for human purposes. Woolfs solution to this problem is to invent a poetic style that, ironically, relies heavily upon the devices of personification and animism. The shadows of the trees made obeisance on the wall, loveliness and stillness clasped hands in the bedroom, light bent to its own image in adoration on the bedroom wall and in the heat of the summer the wind sent its spies about the house again11. It can be questioned whether these devices are successful. It is as if Woolf wishes to fill the emptiness of inhuman nature with primitive animistic entities and malign agencies. The solution can seem oddly childlike, personification and animism being, as Freud pointed out, typical of infantile thought12. The problem illustrates, perhaps, the difficulty of avoiding images of human agency even when they are least necessary. In Mrs Dalloway during sections of mind-time, Woolf sets various time streams loose at once, either in the mind of one character, who retreats into internal soliloquy, collapsing past, present and future, or in the simultaneous perspectives given by several characters recording a single moment. The result of either technique is that plot time stands still.13 Time is not entirely subjective and elastic in this text, however. The novel does take place within a prescribed temporal context marked ominously by the booming of Big Ben: First a warning, musical; then the hour, irrevocable. The leaden circles dissolved in the air. Throughout the novel this chronology is inescapable, cutting through the characters thoughts of the past to bring them back to the present moment Auerbach points out that To the Lighthouse marks the end of the Western tradition of realism. He argues that the novel employs a new fashion of temporality. It is the gap between the brief span of time occupied by exterior events, about two days in The Window, and the rich, dreamlike realm of consciousness. The exterior events actually lost the hegemony over subjectivity14. The novel proves the insignificance of exterior events by holding to minor, unimpressive things like stockings, while keeping in minimum the descriptions of such great events as death and marriage. To the Lighthouse is thus a disturbing turning point in literature because it discarded any claim to the organic completeness of exterior events and the chronological order. To The lighthouse employs a non-linearity and thus counteracts narratives usual form of depicting events in a continuous succession. Synchronicity, evident in the coexistence of multiple perspectives at the same temporal moment, disturbs the narratives attempt to render the story world as events in succession. And elision, evident in the stories within the story whose endings are invariably left dangling and incomplete, dissolves the narratives attempt to achieve completion. Together, these discordant methods undermine the conventional unfolding of narrative. Woolfs novel employs these techniques of disruption in order to portray narrative continuity as an inescapable yet unattainable illusion. Plot is generated by the inner lives of the characters. Psychological effects are achieved through the use of imagery, symbol, and metaphor. Character unfolds by means of the ebb and flow of personal impressions, feelings, and thoughts. Thus, the inner lives of human beings and the ordinary events in their lives are made to seem extraordinary. These complex and new methods that attempt to depict the chaotic interior life appear more jumbled and perplexing than the classical realist novel and so seem disturbing. However, Woolf is attempting to create a realistic account of the inner processes of the individuals mind and an expression of the continuous flow of sense perceptions, thoughts and feelings. Woolf also employs the symbolic apprehension and comprehension of reality as a structural approach to experience. It marked a turning away from writing by observation to transforming fact into a symbol of inner experience. In her diary Woolf wrote What interests me in the last stage was the freedom and boldness with which my imagination picked up, used and tossed aside all the images, symbols which I had prepared. I am sure this is the right way of using them-not in set piecesbut simply as images, never making them work out; only suggest 15 To The Lighthouse assumes a structure similar to that found in the fictional scene of the painting. In a letter Woolf acknowledges the structure and its unifying symbol as enacted at the end. I meant nothing by The Lighthouse. One has to have a central line down the middle of the book to hold the design together.16 In To The Lighthouse the Lighthouse has a prominent but fluid symbolic place in the novel. It does not seem to be the key to some hidden allegory since it does not stand for just one thing, each character that contemplates the Lighthouse gives it a special meaning, its significance in the novel evolves as the sum of different parts. For the teenaged James, the Lighthouse is a stark symbol of masculinity, a phallic symbol. For Mrs. Ramsay, the Lighthouse is a watching eye sweeping through her thoughts with a regular rhythm. To Woolf, the Lighthouse seems to serve as an anchor, a unifying image that ties together the layers of time and thought she explores. Like the clock striking the hours in Mrs. Dalloway, images of the Lighthouse act as the bolts of iron17 holding the different strands of the novel together. The focus of the planned excursion is not named until page eight and from then onwards the Lighthouse always appears with a capital letter. It is conventional to capitalize words referring to abstractions, particularly in philosophical writing. This feature has the effect of elevating the significance of the place, as if Lighthouse were an abstract concept like Truth or Death. The Lighthouse makes its first appearance in the text in very lyrical terms. The domestic metaphors used to describe the scene, which are perhaps Mrs. Ramsays associations; the island is in a plateful of blue water, and the dunes are arranged in pleats18. The first influence of the lighthouse is the description of Jamess excitement The wonder to which he had looked forward, for years and years19 The lighthouse already seems to have gained a greater significance than its mere physical existence. It is an object of desire to James. However, his reaction to Mrs Ramseys promise shows that there is a separation between his dream of happiness (going to the lighthouse) and his dull, everyday experience of life. Prosaically, the lighthouse is a real thing, yet James has made it into an unattainable dream, which he does not expect to come true. James seems to be in a crisis because there is a prospect that his ideal world and real world will become the same and he will go to the lighthouse. Therefore, the wondrous aura of the lighthouse is attached to mundane things. James endows a picture of a refrigerator with a heavenly bliss. It was filled with joy20 this implies that fantasies bring relief from the dullness of everyday life, as long as there is the prospect that they will come true. However, James is one of that great clan21 who live for the future but if future ideals cloud the view of reality then there is an implicit suggestion that achieving ones desire presents a danger in that there would be nothing left to live for. Conversely, people must have some hope of achieving their ideal, or life would become futile. Woolfs symbol of the lighthouse expresses this paradoxical idea in that it represents both an idealised fantasy while also being a real lighthouse. It becomes a trigger, provoking the reader to think about the human tendency to live for a future fantasy, together with all the paradoxical emotions Woolf conveys as associated with that tendency. James looked at the Lighthouse. He could see the white-washed rocks; the tower, stark and straight; he could see that it was barred with black and white; he could see windows in it; he could even see washing spread on the rocks to dry. So that was the Lighthouse, was it? No, the other was also the Lighthouse. For nothing was simply one thing. The other Lighthouse was true too22 James compares the real and the ideal and decides that the Lighthouse can be both. He provides a useful key for deciphering the symbol of the Lighthouse, for nothing was simply one thing23. The Lighthouse is the object of striving, some mystical, distant entity with an all-seeing eye. At the same time it is the embodiment of isolation and sadness, linked with Jamess desolate image of himself and his father as lonely and apart from other people The fact that the Lighthouse is a frequent subject for artists adds to its symbolic import. The tightening of form puts an emphasis on cohesion, interrelatedness and depth in the structure, Woolf engages both the subject of art, Lily Briscoes painting, for example and the aim of philosophy, in Mr. Ramsays work. The Lighthouse was then a silvery, misty-looking tower with a yellow eye, that opened suddenly, and softly in the evening.24 Mrs. Ramsay incorporates the Lighthouses regularly appearing light into the pattern of her thoughts. She recognizes that she is doing this, that she is making the things she sees part of herself, as if the Lighthouse was an eye looking at her. The light strokes also serve to highlight certain cadences in her thought, heightening their meaning by repetition The parallels developing in this section between Lilys actions and reflections and the impending trip to the Lighthouse suggest that Lilys revelation, her moment of clarity and stability, is her own version of the Lighthouse, the thing toward which she has been striving 25. Woolf builds upon the same metaphors and imagery through repetition and association to give them symbolic value of their own. There are repetitions of key images: water, waves, and sea; webs, ties, and threads; and trees through the novels. In Mrs Dalloway words are used in very certain terms in relation to life. They are used repeatedly throughout the rest of the novel, and built upon as metaphors until they stand alone to symbolize life. The sense of being absorbed in the process of action is inseparable from the fear of being excluded from it and from the dread that the process is going to be interrupted. The metaphor of the interrupter and the solemn pause, indicating a fear of being interrupted, are developed throughout the novel. Clarissas sewing is depicted in a rhythmic wave of building, creating, and making. These images recur throughout the novel as they gain symbolic significance. Sewing is a metaphor often used to denote womens creative capacity and symbolizes both artistry and the creation of life. The wave provides both a sense of calm and fulfillment, yet maintains a suspenseful pause before a crash or interruption Mrs. Dalloway has an unpleasant feeling she cannot place. After taking a moment to think, she realizes this feeling is attached to something Peter had said, combined with her own depression26. She realizes it is her parties. Her unpleasant feeling is attached to the criticism she receives from both Richard and Peter about her parties. Clarissa privately defends her parties. She sees them as an offering, a term she is able to recognize as vague and goes on to define. She is offering a connection. She gives meaning to life by feeling the existence of others and offering a way to bring them together, offering them a chance of connection. While sitting on the couch, Septimus notices a shadow on the wall. Fear no more the heat o the sun. This phrase, which acts as a calming device, enters his head. Suddenly, he is not afraid. He sits up and takes an interest in what Lucrezia is doing. She is making a hat. More significantly, she is creating and building Rezias creation of the hat, like Clarissas sewing, symbolizes not only the creation of life, but also more specifically, the female ability to create life But this hat now. And then (it was getting late) Sir William Bradshaw27 Woolf uses this one symbolic line as a metaphor for the transition from life, represented in the making of the hat and death, suggested by Bradshaw, the symbol of the souls containment and the character who ultimately provides Septimus with the impetus to kill himself. Woolf uses a great deal of imagery; her similes often begin as a straightforward comparison, which is then elaborated. This moves the ideas away from the physical reality of the narrative and towards mental events, emotions and ideas providing a bridge between the plot and the interior consciousness of the characters. The reader is shown the dilemma of how to create a meaningful sequence and the impossibility of essentially finding an explicit formal system of how to represent objects and concepts, that are assumed to exist, and the relationships between them. The cumulative effect of such repeated notions and images is to establish a systematic network of social elements, such as, human time, space, shared symbols, personal relationships, so as to arrive at a vision of modern life on a national scale. This collective existence is apprehended internally, as its participants experience it. It is both the content and the form used to portray that content which makes reading a disturbing process. The question of the reality of experience itself; the critique of the traditional values of the culture; the loss of meaning and hope in the modern world and the exploration of how this loss may be faced are all themes within Woolfs novels. Subject matter and writing style are the two features that characterise Modernism and this applies to Mrs Dalloway. The themes of Woolfs novels express the angst of Modernism in a precise way and Mrs Dalloway exemplifies the conflict felt in the modern society that produces this angst. The conflict is played out between two forces, one that fragments and disperses social order and causes chaos, and a more stable impulse that looks for unity. Multiple voices, fragmented narrative and stream of consciousness are the stylistic devices of Woolf that convey the themes of conflict, despair and escape in the novel. Mrs Dalloway can be seen as an attempt to critique modern life, however, the novel can seem overwhelmed by the chaos of characters struggling to find meaning in life when death is such a large presence. Another aspect of this novel that is Modernist and can be seen to be disturbing is its withdrawal from the epic novel, the larger historical or temporal frame found in the 19th century novel. In Mrs Dalloway, there is no organising logic from which to draw a secure and comfortable resolution to lifes struggles. The action or plot is restricted to a single day, no large epic journey is possible and while the struggle for life is apparent, there is nothing of the 19th century moral structure to contain and manage the outcomes. Death and despair overwhelm life and its purposes, the narrowness of life is suffocating, and lives are fragmented, anxious, disconnected and misrecognised. To The Lighthouse also undermines what were the conventional expectations attached to novels. Woolf speculated that she might be writing something other than a novel. I have an idea that I will invent a new name for my books to supplant novelBut what? Elegy?28 Her work can be seen as more poetry than fiction as it occupies itself with abstract ideas and experimentation more than with plot and character development Woolf throws into disorder readers expectations of how life can be represented within a novel, and she achieves this through seeking a new mode of expression. It is not that she rejects reality, but rather that she sought to develop a higher type of realism, as if more complex forms would allow for the depiction of a more complex and vivid understanding of reality. Bibliograph. Auerbach, Erich, Mimesis: the representation of reality in Western literature / by Erich Auerbach; translated from the German by Willard Trask. New York: Doubleday/Anchor Books, 1957. Bell, Q, Virginia Woolf: A Biography. London: Hogarth Press, 1972. Eliot, T.S, American Literature and American Language in Selected Essays. London: Faber, 1951. Fleishman, Avrom, Virginia Woolf: A Critical Reading. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975. Lee, Hermione, The Novels of Virginia Woolf. New York: Holmes and Meier Publishers, 1977. Naremore, James, The World Without A Self. London: Yale University Press, 1973. Schulze, Robin. G, Varieties of Mystical Experience in the Writings of Virginia Woolf in Twentieth Century Literature Vol.44. New York: Hofstra University, 1998. Woolf, Virginia. A writers diary: being extracts from the diary of Virginia Woolf edited by Leonard Woolf. London, Hogarth Press, 1953. Woolf. Virginia, Mrs Dalloway. London: Penguin, 1996. Woolf, Virginia, To The Lighthouse. London: Penguin, 1992. 1 Eliot, T.S, American Literature and American Language in Selected Essays. London: Faber, 1951.p. 73. 2 Lee, Hermione, The Novels of Virginia Woolf. New York: Holmes and Meier Publishers, 1977. p.106. 3 Woof, Virginia, Mrs Dalloway. London: Penguin, 1996. p.8. 4 Ibid. p.6. 5 Ibid. p.55. 6 Ibid. p.35. 7 Ibid. p.60. 8 Ibid. p.75. 9 Auerbach, Erich, Mimesis: the representation of reality in Western literature / by Erich Auerbach; translated from the German by Willard Trask. New York: Doubleday/Anchor Books, 1957. p.529. 10 Woolf, Virginia, To The Lighthouse. London: Penguin, 1992, p.190 11 Ibid. pp.137-139. 12 Schulze, Robin. G, Varieties of Mystical Experience in the Writings of Virginia Woolf in Twentieth Century Literature Vol.44. New York: Hofstra University, 1998. p.3 13 Naremore, James, The World Without A Self. London: Yale University Press, 1973. p.71. 14 Auerbach, Erich, Mimesis: the representation of reality in Western literature / by Erich Auerbach; translated from the German by Willard Trask. New York: Doubleday/Anchor Books, 1957. pp. 351-355 15 Woolf, Virginia. A writers diary: being extracts from the diary of Virginia Woolf edited by Leonard Woolf. London, Hogarth Press, 1953. p.169 16 Bell, Q, Virginia Woolf: A Biography. London: Hogarth Press, 1972. p.168. 17 Woolf, Virginia, To The Lighthouse. London: Penguin, 1992. p.5. 18 Ibid. p.23. 19 Ibid. p.7. 20 Ibid. p.7. 21 Ibid. p.7. 22 Ibid. pp.276-277. 23 Ibid. p.277. 24 Ibid. p. 107. 25 Ibid. 270. 26 Woolf. Virginia, Mrs Dalloway. London: Penguin, 1996. p.183. 27 Ibid. p. 178. 28 Woolf, Virginia. A writers diary: being extracts from the diary of Virginia Woolf edited by Leonard Woolf. London, Hogarth Press, 1953. p.78.

Why Criticize People For Helping Themselves :: essays research papers

Why Criticize People For Helping Themselves?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many things in this world that seem offensive. Some of what is considered offensive is necessary to how some people make their livings. Court systems, parents, and other groups have come to believe that what is said in music, movies, and video games, contribute to the actions of some individuals as youngsters. To me this is wrong; I have always felt that way. It has actually helped the people saying the stuff, more than it has every hurt anybody, and I am going to explain this in the rest of this writing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now when I talk about the person saying the offenses, I am speaking of the performers. Most of my paper is going to be centered on Interscope Records, and their number one artist, Marshal Mathers III.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marshal Mathers III is also known as Eminem, or Slim Shady. He says these are his alternate personalities, obviously a show for the fans. Marshal Mathers III is named after his grandfather. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri, and moved around with his mother until the age of 9. He never really had any friends, or family other than his mother until they settled down in Southwest Detroit. There they settled down into an apartment in the ghetto, and lived in poverty for most of his childhood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marshal had no friends because of their constant moving, and being a skinny white kid in the ghetto, he got picked on, and bullied a lot. This caused him to grow more and more angry at the world, and then to finally isolate himself to work on his music.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He got teased a lot for wanting to be a white rapper, and never really got any appreciation until his first freestyle contest. At age 18 he entered his first rap freestyle contest and came in runner-up. This just encouraged him to try harder and entered in the Annual L.A. Rap Olympics one year later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He finally came out triumphant when he took first place. This started his career, because veteran rapper Dr. Dre was attending the Rap Olympics and liked what he heard. Dr. Dre at that time was the C.E.O. of Death Row Records at the time and immediately signed Eminem on for a record deal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marshal’s first professionally recorded cd, Slim Shady L.P., started a nationwide fan club. He used language and lyrics that have never before been used in music, that offended most of the nation’s parents.

Legal and Ethical Issues at Workplace Essay

Introduction In this paper, legal and ethical issues will be discussed in connection with the current, previous and potential future habitability of the â€Å"health and safety of employees,† which is currently an important issue was the state of each and every country. Estimated mortality, along with the injury shows that a number of companies in past and present encountered several problems as well as in the near future, they will also continue in the direction facing the types of ethical and legal issues. All kinds of approximations and expenses related to workers’ health, along with safety and security that occurred in an organization depicts that safety issues were not a priority of the company; due to this the number of legal issues relating to costs and penalties can be experienced by companies (Granger 2010). Understanding of Employee Health & Safety Issues In the current competitive culture to the smooth performance of the company, it is necessary to ensure the safety and security of its employees. Health and safety includes an important part of work culture. Safety pertains towards act of defending physical well being of the employee (Clarke and White 2002). Additionally, it also involves risk of accidents involved due  to the machinery, fire and diseases. Security issues towards defending facilities along with equipments from the unauthorized approach and also guarding employees at time if they have been on work. Generally responsibility of the employee health along with safety falls on supervisors or Human Resource managers of the company (Swanton 2005). All these laws and plans for health and safety have been made by the government. These rules and regulations made ​​by the government shows that the director of personnel, organizations can help in the coordination of safety programs, resulting in employees aware of health and safety plans and policies of the company and to conduct a formal safety training, etc. In addition to supervisors and departmental heads are responsible for providing a safe working environment (Employees’ health and safety responsibilities, 2013). Subsequently some peculiar responsibilities have been decided by the government and organizations on the part of managers and supervisors which are as follows: Responsibilities of Managers: Observe health and safety of employees Instruct employees to be safety alert Look into accidents Clearly communicate regarding safety policy to employees (Lefkowitz 2003) Responsibilities of supervisors/departmental heads: Offer technical training concerning to obviation of accidents Align health and safety programs Train employees on treating facilities and equipments Formulation of safety reporting systems Assertion of safe working conditions (Hooker 2002) Within the framework of the organizations present different approaches to ensure the health and safety of its employees, but all of the approaches do not focus on the contribution of each of the design work and employee behavior to safety. Focus on both of these approaches is necessary to make this regulatory approach towards the safety and efficacy (Cahn and Markie 1998). Many organizational and individual issues are in the management of workers’ health and safety, which are as follows and should be managed ethically otherwise it can guide the organization in relation to the various legal issues. Workplace Issues: Ethical and Legal Physical Work Settings The physical position of the individual affects the performance of employees, and some of the factors that include temperature, noise, lighting, the size of the working area and the type of materials that make an impact on staff working with these factors (Granger 2010). Sick Building Syndrome This is a situation in which employees are acute health problems and anxiety because of the time spent in the workplace. Some factors that can guide sick building recognize poor air quality, inadequate ventilation, inappropriate cleanliness, food smell and Adhesives, etc (Clarke and White 2002). Ergonomics Ergonomics is the analysis of the physiological, psychological, and engineering design work prospects, letting factors such as fatigue, lighting, tools, equipment layout and placement of checks. This is the  boundary between humans and machines. In such a situation, problems like back pain, eye strain and headaches appear because of the long working hours are spent (Clarke and White 2002). Engineering of Work Equipments and Materials Accidents happen used in the organization can be excluded in this way, by the right placement of unsafe vehicles. Besides the construction of machinery and equipment also operates a key role in the safety of employees, as offering security guards and hide in the equipment, emergency stop pushing and other materials can help reduce accidents significantly (Clarke and White 2002). Cumulative Trauma and Repetitive Stress Cumulative trauma disorders fall, when the muscles are constantly used to perform some tasks. This in turn causes damage to musculoskeletal and nervous system. Employees need to meet the high level of mental and physical stress and due to this kind of stress and trauma (Clarke and White 2002). Accident Rates and Individuals Individual access to a secure environment also helps to dive accidents. It’s generally more of a nuisance as stimulated due to careless approach staff than on the machines or the employer’s negligence. The positive attitude of organizations and employers to the work environment and other practices can contribute to safety of employees, and not some other issues (Clarke and White 2002). Ethical Responsibility Individual access to a secure environment also helps to dive accidents. It’s generally more of a nuisance as stimulated due to careless approach staff than on the machines or the employer’s negligence. The positive attitude of organizations and employers to the work environment and other practices can  contribute to safety of employees, and not some other issues (Employee Health and Safety, 2013). Ethical Theories Consequentialist theory suggests that an act is morally wrong if it leads to the consequences of false or considered harmful by the vast majority of people in the community. Consequentialist theory requires evaluation of the actual effects of the law, which include the effects of direct and indirect alike. It also requires the use of some type of rules and evaluation criteria for determining whether the result is beneficial or harmful (Audi 1997). The theory is prescriptive because it is the use of evaluative criteria to guide whether individuals should lead or avoid the act. For the application of this theory, there should be a general agreement in society to the nature of the evaluation criteria. This theory also suggests that the ethics of each case must be determined according to the specific circumstances without reference to the legal or moral standard is absolute (Cahn and Markie 1998). Consequentialist approach and one that is utilitarian, which deals with the work on the basis of good winning or damage with the well-being or happiness as a result of the relevant assessment criteria. Consequentialist theory, however, suggests that the evaluative norms may be relevant to social or cultural factors. When the consequentialist theory is applied to this situation (employee health and safety) it suggests that the actions of the managers and employers can be unethical if they do not care about employees’ health and safety. From the consequentialist perspective, the negative consequences of the managers’ actions far outweighed the positive consequences of increasing their personal wealth (Hooker 2002). Deontological theories of ethics to determine the acts that constitutes or may not be based on the relationship which led to the duty. On the other  hand, deontological theories do not examine the outcomes of acts. Deontological ethics also postulates that adherence to the Duty set by the social relations is a moral obligation (Audi 1997). In the approach to ethics is imperative developed by Kant, one of the maxims is to treat others as an end and never as a means. Pluralistic intuitive approach to deontological ethics adopted by Ross suggests the existence of prima facie duties apply to all individuals regardless of the specific nature of the relationship. These duties include fidelity, and compensation after causing damage, and non-injury to others. These general duties, however, do not preclude the creation of specific duties in a relationship by explicit or implicit agreement (Cahn and Markie 1998). In addition, the deontological theories do not clearly describe the hierarchy of duties when a conflict arises between obligations, although there is general agreement that the duty not to harm others takes priority over other duties. Applying deontological theories to this situation (employee health and safety) requires assessing the general and specific duties of the managers and employers arising from their relationships to the firm and its stakeholders. The mangers have general duties for workers’ safety, accidental harms, and other health issues and to make reparations in the event if they are harmed because of the lack of safety measures (Hooker 2002). Virtue ethics postulates the existence of a fixed set of moral rules that an individual can use to determine the rightness of an action. A virtue is a disposition to respond in a good or appropriate way to a situation or event. From this perspective, virtue is character trait. At the same time, virtue ethics has a normative dimension in which it describes the types of responses to situations that are moral or appropriate for all people (Audi 1997). In this theoretical approach, an action is right only if it is the action that an individual with a virtuous character would perform in the same situation. Applying virtue ethics to this situation leads to the conclusion that the managers of a firm may be unethical because they did not behave in a manner expected of a virtuous person in the situation if any of the employees got hurt, injured etc. Although consequentialist theory, deontological theory, and virtue ethics have different approaches to assessing ethical behavior in an organization they arrive at the same conclusions (Cahn and Markie 1998). The consequentialist theories view the outcome of the harm caused to employees as the critical factor determining the ethics of the behavior. The deontological theories examine the breach of laws under OSHA and implicit duties as the controlling factor determining the ethics of any accidental events in an organization. Virtue ethics propose that virtuous people would not have performed the acts of irresponsibility and carelessness. The behavior of the managers and employers is said to be unethical regardless of the ethical framework used for evaluating the events leading to the collapse of the firm (Employee Health and Safety 2013). Legal Responsibility Numerous laws are contrived to defend workers from illness and injury. Most prominent act in this regard is the â€Å"Occupational Safety and Health Administration† that was created in 1970 within the â€Å"U.S. department of Labor† (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2013). The official duty of this act is â€Å"to make sure worker safety and health in the United States by working with employers and employees to demonstrate better working environments.† (Employee Health and Safety 2013) The implementation of this act had helped in cutting workplace deaths by â€Å"more than 60 percent and occupational injury and illness rates by 40 percent†. This act had explicated number of responsibilities for employers along with numerous rights of employees that can be used by an employee if he does not found organization concerned about his own health and safety (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). From the time of this acts implementation various organization and employers are charged for not asserting with their determined responsibilities. Employer Responsibilities under OSHA: Under this act following are the duties and responsibilities of employer towards their employees’ health and safety: Meet with general duty obligation to offer a workplace free from documented hazards that are inducing or are potential to induce death or serious physical harm to employees and follow with standards, rules and regulations issued under the act. Define yourself and your staff with mandatory OSHA standards and make copies available to staff for reconsideration upon request. Continuous assessment of workplace conditions to ensure that they meet with appropriate standards. Minimize and reduce safety and health endangerments. Ensure that employees have and use safe tools and equipments. Offer medical examinations’ whenever required by OSHA standards. These are some peculiar responsibilities of employers along with number of other responsibilities. (Employee Health and Safety 2013) Employee Rights under OSHA: Under OSHA rules, employees have a right to know about the hazards to which they may be exposed at work. In addition to this employees have a right to seek a safe workplace without fear of punishment. The right is spelled out in section 11(c) of the act and all employees are covered except workers who are self employed and public employees in state and local government. This law also delineates that employers should not punish or discriminate against workers for exercising complaining and filing safety and health grievances.  This detailed discussion of employee health and safety concerned act OSHA depicts that it is necessary to organize and employers to adhere to their responsibilities and only they can be charged and directed in a number of other issues that would cause damage to its image as well (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). In addition to OSHA other acts efforts in this regard are â€Å"Worker’s Compensation Law† (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). The law deals with all accidental injuries and occupational diseases and during the growing and compass work. This involves a disease or injury resulting from such injuries. In general, this law does not offer compensation for any of the following conditions: Mental or nervous injury due to stress There is a work-related condition that causes the employee to have a fear or dislike of another individual race, color or national origin, religion, sex and age. Pain and suffering from the condition (Employee Health and Safety 2013). Under this law, the employer can be injured worker litigation to bring about the incident cannot be injured worker litigation employer to injury. This trade-off of this law makes it possible to injured workers to receive immediate medical care, at no cost to the injured worker, without any thinking about who was at fault, the employer or the employee. In the civil law is the perception that the negligence must be demonstrated through litigation before any compensation is awarded (Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2013). Recommendations Organizations should work to improve the welfare of employees and, therefore, should be trouble-free. Terms of health, safety, and security are closely related to each other. Health was the general state of well being. This not  only allows for the physical well being selected, however, also along with his healthy mind and body. It is believed that every organization should take care of the physical parameters of the work in which its employees work otherwise it can lead to a number of ethical and legal issues. Due to the legal act one can confer that each and every organization should follow with their ethical responsibility towards employees’ health and safety as they are also a vital part of the country and society from which it also belongs. Conclusion In the end, of the detailed discussion of ethical and legal issues in regard to employee health and safety we can conclude that organizations can avoid all these issues if they manage it with all-inclusive efforts from the time to employee hiring to his performance at workplace. If an organization abides with the established rules and regulations it will achieve immense success in the maintenance of employee health and safety. Adoption of appropriate laws and acts along with appropriate implementation of essential programs can furnish an organization with effective approach to manage and handle employees’ health and safety. References Audi, R. (1997). Moral knowledge and ethical character. New York: Oxford University Press. Cahn, S. & Markie, P. (1998). Ethics: History, theory, and contemporary issues. New York: Oxford University Press. Hooker, B. (2002). Ideal code, real world: A rule-consequentialist theory of morality. New York: Oxford University Press. Lefkowitz, J. (2003). Ethics and values in industrial organization psychology. Mahwah NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Swanton, C. (2005). Virtue ethics: A pluralistic view. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hughes, Phil and Ferrett, Ed (2009) Introduction to Health and Safety at Work. taylor & francis; 4 edition Jane Clarke; Alex White; (2002) A guide to good employment practice in the community & voluntary sector. Dublin: Combat Poverty Agency. Granger, Lisa (2010) Best Practices in Occupational Health, Safety, Workers Compensation and Claims Management for Employers: Assisting Employers in Navigating â€Å"The Road to Zero†. Universal Publishers Employee Health and Safety. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.wbcsdcement.org: http://www.wbcsdcement.org/index.php/key-issues/health-and-safety Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.osha.gov: http://www.osha.gov/